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Despite available treatments, increasing antibiotic resistance raises the risk of treatment failure, highlighting the need for alternative therapies. Probiotics and antioxidants, such as lycopene, have shown promise in managing\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                      -related gastric diseases.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This study conducts a systematic literature review (SLR) to evaluate the potential of lycopene, enhanced through lactic acid bacteria (LAB) fermentation of plant-based sources, in treating\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                      -induced gastritis.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methodology<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Using the PRISMA method, articles from Google Scholar, Science Direct, and PubMed (2018\u20132025) were reviewed. Out of 279 papers analyzed, 30 met the inclusion criteria, focusing on lycopene production via LAB fermentation and its efficacy against\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                      .\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Findings indicate that LAB fermentation enhances lycopene's bioavailability and stability, while certain LAB strains exhibit inhibitory effects on\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                      growth. Lycopene demonstrates anti-carcinogenic properties, reducing oxidative stress and inflammation in gastric cells without harming normal epithelial cells. However, its effectiveness varies depending on fermentation conditions and bacterial strains.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This study underscores the potential of combining probiotics and lycopene as an adjunct therapy for\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                      infections, particularly amid antibiotic resistance. Future research should optimize fermentation processes, identify the most effective LAB strains, and conduct clinical trials to validate fermented lycopene's therapeutic potential. This approach could offer a sustainable and effective alternative to conventional antibiotic treatments.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/02601060251349878","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,27]],"date-time":"2025-06-27T11:20:43Z","timestamp":1751023243000},"page":"1381-1393","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A systematic literature review on the effectiveness of lycopene and probiotics in eradicating the\n                    <i>Helicobacter pylori<\/i>\n                    causing gastritis"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Kousalya","family":"Padmanabhan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Universiti Putra Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Muhamad Hafiz","family":"Rahim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universiti Putra Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yaya","family":"Rukayadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universiti Putra Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Norhasnida","family":"Zawawi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universiti Putra Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kah Hui","family":"Chong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universiti Putra Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nur Shahera","family":"Mohammad Sabri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universiti Putra Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shan","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universiti Putra Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nor Azmiraah","family":"Abdul Jabar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universiti Putra Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4207-2729","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mahmud Ab Rashid","family":"Nor-Khaizura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universiti Putra Malaysia"},{"name":"Universiti Putra Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3906\/sag-2005-413"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00203-023-03639-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox11020360"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox10030342"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/87559129.2020.1749653"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13213-018-1385-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms8050654"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2021.697879"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm8010090"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcla.24655"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2022.857569"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/biom10050725"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fbio.2022.102085"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micres.2022.127289"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_3_16_1","first-page":"5","article-title":"Fermented tomato juice (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) produced via lactic acid bacteria during cold storage","volume":"10","author":"El-Sayed AA","year":"2018","unstructured":"El-Sayed AA, Rabie MA, El-Maaty SMA, et al. 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