{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T17:16:38Z","timestamp":1783098998495,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782777600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Nutr Health"],"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Background:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Male infertility is a critical global health issue, often linked to oxidative stress and inflammation. Probiotics, known for modulating gut health, have been proposed as a potential intervention for improving male reproductive health. However, the evidence remains fragmented, necessitating a systematic review to consolidate findings.\n                    <jats:bold>Objective:<\/jats:bold>\n                    This study systematically evaluates the effects of probiotic interventions on sperm parameters, including count, motility, morphology, and DNA integrity, in human and animal models.\n                    <jats:bold>Methods:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Adhering to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, databases such as PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane Library were searched up to November 2024. Eligible studies included controlled trials evaluating the effects of probiotics on sperm parameters in humans and animals. Data extraction focused on study design, probiotic species, dosages, intervention durations, and outcomes. The risk of bias (RoB) was assessed using SYRCLE's RoB tool for animal studies and Cochrane RoB for human studies.\n                    <jats:bold>Results:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Fifteen studies (5 humans, 10 animals) met the inclusion criteria. Probiotic species, belonging predominantly to the genera\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Lacticaseibacillus<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Lactiplantibacillus<\/jats:italic>\n                    (both formerly\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Lactobacillus<\/jats:italic>\n                    ),\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Limosilactobacillus<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Bifidobacterium<\/jats:italic>\n                    , significantly improved sperm count, motility, morphology, and antioxidant markers. Mechanistic insights highlighted reductions in oxidative stress and inflammation, and improvements in communication between the gut and testis. While findings were consistent, heterogeneity in study design and species used was evident.\n                    <jats:bold>Conclusion:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Probiotics show promise in enhancing sperm parameters, mediated through systemic reductions in oxidative stress and inflammation. However, standardized protocols and long-term studies are necessary to validate their efficacy and develop clinical guidelines.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/02601060261464829","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T19:15:36Z","timestamp":1782846936000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Effects of probiotics intervention on sperm parameters: A systematic review on literature"],"prefix":"10.1177","author":[{"given":"Ali","family":"Shamsi-goushki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3476-2073","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammad R","family":"Mahmoodi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kerman University of Medical Sciences"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sareh","family":"Ashourzadeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mostafa S","family":"Jazinaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mashhad University of Medical Sciences"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-9839-8343","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Reza","family":"Rezvani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mashhad University of Medical Sciences"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_3_2_2_1","first-page":"235","article-title":"Synbiotic (FamiLact) administration in idiopathic male infertility enhances sperm quality, DNA integrity, and chromatin status: A triple-blinded randomized clinical trial","volume":"19","author":"Abbasi B","year":"2021","unstructured":"Abbasi B, Abbasi H, Niroumand H (2021) Synbiotic (FamiLact) administration in idiopathic male infertility enhances sperm quality, DNA integrity, and chromatin status: A triple-blinded randomized clinical trial. International Journal of Reproductive BioMedicine 19(3): 235\u2013244.","journal-title":"International Journal of Reproductive BioMedicine"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D3FO03153E"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s41043-023-00450-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2019.01.020"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_3_2_6_1","first-page":"493","article-title":"Role of sperm apoptosis and oxidative stress in male infertility: A narrative review","volume":"19","author":"Asadi A","year":"2021","unstructured":"Asadi A, Ghahremani R, Abdolmaleki A, et al. (2021) Role of sperm apoptosis and oxidative stress in male infertility: A narrative review. International Journal of Reproductive BioMedicine 19(6): 493.","journal-title":"International Journal of Reproductive BioMedicine"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/jrms.jrms_392_23"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinthera.2020.12.021"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2022.02.011"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.000230"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s43043-023-00136-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms26041446"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1751731112001528"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jevs.2024.105032"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/hropen\/hoac051"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/dj12040102"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0185964"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urology.2021.02.041"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pbc.30328"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-021-14593-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/andr.12886"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_3_2_22_1","first-page":"507","article-title":"Microbiota and seminal quality: A systematic review","volume":"27","author":"Gomes IA","year":"2023","unstructured":"Gomes IA, Monteiro PB, Moura GA, et al. (2023) Microbiota and seminal quality: A systematic review. JBRA Assist Reprod 27(3): 507\u2013513.","journal-title":"JBRA Assist Reprod"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.repbio.2020.03.005"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2024.114571"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/jns.2021.39"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14647273.2020.1824080"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrgastro.2014.66"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_2_28_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Health and nutritional properties of probiotics in food including powder milk with live lactic acid bacteria","volume":"5","author":"Hotel ACP","year":"2001","unstructured":"Hotel ACP, Cordoba A (2001) Health and nutritional properties of probiotics in food including powder milk with live lactic acid bacteria. Prevention 5(1): 1\u201310.","journal-title":"Prevention"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dmab030"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10408363.2024.2331489"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2152\/jmi.63.27"},{"issue":"9","key":"e_1_3_2_32_1","first-page":"641","article-title":"Male infertility - the other side of the equation","volume":"46","author":"Katz DJ","year":"2017","unstructured":"Katz DJ, Teloken P, Shoshany O (2017) Male infertility - the other side of the equation. Australian Family Physician 46(9): 641\u2013646.","journal-title":"Australian Family Physician"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/19396368.2024.2351112"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms252313220"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s43032-024-01748-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.3389\/frph.2023.1166201","article-title":"Male infertility and the human microbiome","volume":"5","author":"Magill RG","year":"2023","unstructured":"Magill RG, MacDonald SM (2023) Male infertility and the human microbiome. Frontiers in Reproductive Health (5): 116\u2013135.","journal-title":"Frontiers in Reproductive Health"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/andr.12336"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2021.08.014"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.7081"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2022.860575"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2020.117891"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_3_2_42_1","first-page":"341","article-title":"Probiotics supplementation in the treatment of male infertility: A systematic review","volume":"28","author":"Oliveira L","year":"2024","unstructured":"Oliveira L, Costa EC, Martins FDG, et al. (2024) Probiotics supplementation in the treatment of male infertility: A systematic review. JBRA Assisted Reproduction 28(2): 341\u2013348.","journal-title":"JBRA Assisted Reproduction"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Page MJ McKenzie JE Bossuyt PM et al. (2021) The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. bmj 372.","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n71"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S0100-72032007000200008"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoto.2023.0160"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13098-020-00560-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-57416-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2021.09.029"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phanu.2023.100342"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_2_50_1","first-page":"505878","article-title":"The role of probiotic lactic acid bacteria and bifidobacteria in the prevention and treatment of inflammatory bowel disease and other related diseases: A systematic review of randomized human clinical trials","volume":"2015","author":"Saez-Lara MJ","year":"2015","unstructured":"Saez-Lara MJ, Gomez-Llorente C, Plaza-Diaz J, et al. (2015) The role of probiotic lactic acid bacteria and bifidobacteria in the prevention and treatment of inflammatory bowel disease and other related diseases: A systematic review of randomized human clinical trials. BioMed Research International 2015(1): 505878.","journal-title":"BioMed Research International"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_3_2_51_1","first-page":"141","article-title":"Effect of Probiotics on Sperm Quality in the Adult Mouse","volume":"12","author":"Sanchez-Rodriguez A","year":"2024","unstructured":"Sanchez-Rodriguez A, Idrovo IID, Villafranca R, et al. (2024) Effect of Probiotics on Sperm Quality in the Adult Mouse. Probiotics and Antimicrobial Proteins 12(5): 141\u2013169. Epub ahead of print 20241023. DOI: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12602-024-10388-z.","journal-title":"Probiotics and Antimicrobial Proteins"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/rmb2.12353"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_3_2_53_1","first-page":"115","article-title":"Lactobacillus plantarum TW1-1 alleviates diethylhexylphthalate-induced testicular damage in mice by modulating gut microbiota and decreasing inflammation","volume":"9","author":"Tian X","year":"2019","unstructured":"Tian X, Yu Z, Feng P, et al. (2019) Lactobacillus plantarum TW1-1 alleviates diethylhexylphthalate-induced testicular damage in mice by modulating gut microbiota and decreasing inflammation. Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology 9(3): 115\u2013138.","journal-title":"Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ht9020010"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s43043-021-00078-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3920\/BM2016.0122"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_3_2_57_1","first-page":"54","article-title":"Microbiota of semen samples with normozoospermia: Analysis of real-time PCR data","author":"Voroshilina ES","year":"2021","unstructured":"Voroshilina ES, Zornikov DL, Ivanov AV, et al. (2021) Microbiota of semen samples with normozoospermia: Analysis of real-time PCR data. Bulletin of Russian State Medical University 14(3): 54\u201361. DOI: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.24075\/BRSMU.2021.048.","journal-title":"Bulletin of Russian State Medical University"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_2_58_1","first-page":"535","article-title":"Evaluation of the inhibitory effects of vaginal microorganisms on sperm motility in vitro","volume":"19","author":"Wang H","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wang H, Chen T, Chen Y, et al. (2020) Evaluation of the inhibitory effects of vaginal microorganisms on sperm motility in vitro. Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 19(1): 535\u2013544.","journal-title":"Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-017-2509-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/ijsem.0.004107"}],"container-title":["Nutrition and Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/02601060261464829","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/02601060261464829","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/02601060261464829","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T16:17:49Z","timestamp":1783095469000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/02601060261464829"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]]},"references-count":59,"alternative-id":["10.1177\/02601060261464829"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/02601060261464829","relation":{},"ISSN":["0260-1060","2047-945X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0260-1060","type":"print"},{"value":"2047-945X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]]},"article-number":"02601060261464829"}}