{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T14:18:24Z","timestamp":1787667504878,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]],"date-time":"2026-08-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787270400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Nutr Health"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Selenium (Se), an essential trace element with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, may play a protective role in mitigating inflammation in osteoarthritis (OA).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study investigates the association between serum Se concentrations and key inflammatory markers in patients with knee OA.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 151 individuals diagnosed with mild-to-moderate knee OA, recruited from hospitals and private clinics. Serum Se concentrations were measured using hydride generation atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Inflammatory markers, including interleukin-1\u03b2 (IL-1\u03b2), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-\u03b1), nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-\u03baB) p65, and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) (MMP-1 and MMP-3), were quantified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The mean serum Se concentration was 58.5\u2009\u00b1\u200911.7\u2005\u03bcg\/L. Higher serum Se levels were significantly associated with lower concentrations of IL-6 (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009\u22120.13, 95% confidence interval (CI): \u22120.21 to \u22120.05,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.002), TNF-\u03b1 (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009\u22120.14, 95% CI: \u22120.24 to \u22120.04,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.009), NF-\u03baB p65 (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009\u22120.01, 95% CI: \u22120.02 to \u22120.002,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.013), and MMP-3 (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009\u22120.07, 95% CI: \u22120.13 to \u22120.01,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.020). No significant associations were found between serum Se levels and IL-1\u03b2, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, or MMP-1.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Higher serum Se concentrations were inversely associated with several inflammatory markers, including IL-6, TNF-\u03b1, NF-\u03baB p65, and MMP-3, suggesting a potential protective role of Se in reducing inflammation in knee OA. Further longitudinal and interventional studies are needed to confirm these findings and explore the therapeutic potential of Se in OA management.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/02601060261480199","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,22]],"date-time":"2026-08-22T06:46:06Z","timestamp":1787381166000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Association of serum selenium and inflammatory markers in patients with knee osteoarthritis"],"prefix":"10.1177","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1477-0260","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Farshad","family":"Amirkhizi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Zabol University of Medical Sciences"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2270-7421","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Soudabeh","family":"Hamedi-Shahraki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zabol University of Medical Sciences"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7861-8287","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mehran","family":"Rahimlou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zanjan University of Medical Sciences"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.job.2024.100609"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21608\/eajbsc.2023.327189"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780290816"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cells15110973"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2021.827759"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000043686"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mco2.70727"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25052511"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/agriculture13020416"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2025.08.015"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-11723-2"},{"issue":"9","key":"e_1_3_3_13_1","article-title":"Global, regional, and national burden of osteoarthritis, 1990\u20132020 and projections to 2050: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021","volume":"5","author":"GBD 2021 Osteoarthritis Collaborators","year":"2023","unstructured":"GBD 2021 Osteoarthritis Collaborators (2023) Global, regional, and national burden of osteoarthritis, 1990\u20132020 and projections to 2050: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021. 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