{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T08:14:27Z","timestamp":1777450467385,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,24]],"date-time":"2026-02-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771891200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"Ministry of Science, Technological Development and Innovation of the Republic of Serbia","award":["451-03-65\/2024-03\/200135"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["451-03-65\/2024-03\/200135"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Science, Technological Development and Innovation of the Republic of Serbia","award":["451-03-66\/2024-03\/200042"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["451-03-66\/2024-03\/200042"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Altern Lab Anim"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    We established a 3D model of human NT2\/D1-derived early neural progenitor cells immobilised in alginate microfibres as a system for testing the neurotoxicity of energy drinks and their components, either alone, together, or in combination with alcohol. The\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                    system supports the retinoic acid-induced neurogenesis of NT2\/D1 cells, and the proliferative capacity of the NT2\/D1-derived early neural progenitor cells was maintained in the 3D environment. Cell cycle distribution and the expression of pluripotency markers (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">SOX2<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">OCT4<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">NANOG<\/jats:italic>\n                    ), early neural markers (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">SOX3<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">PAX6<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">miR-219<\/jats:italic>\n                    ), and\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Cyclin D1<\/jats:italic>\n                    (a marker of neural commitment), showed profiles characteristic of early neural progenitors. Treatments with an energy drink and its major components (caffeine and taurine) \u2014 either alone, together, or in combination with alcohol \u2014 had different effects on the proliferative capacity of the NT2\/D1-derived early neural progenitor cells in the 2D and 3D models. In the 2D-cultured cells, all treatments except for caffeine led to a significant decrease, while cells within the 3D model exhibited a significant increase after treatment with caffeine, or after combined treatment with energy drink and alcohol. Preliminary findings suggesting that there were no treatment effects on OCT4 and PAX6 protein expression in either model, should be further confirmed. This human cell-based 3D model could potentially represent a rapid and cost-effective system for assessing the acute and long-term neurotoxicity of various compounds.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/02611929261428700","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,24]],"date-time":"2026-02-24T20:31:13Z","timestamp":1771965073000},"page":"67-84","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Human NT2\/D1-derived early neural progenitor cells immobilised in alginate microfibres as an\n                    <i>in vitro<\/i>\n                    3D system for neurotoxicity testing"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"54","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0214-4361","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jelena","family":"Peji\u0107","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1938-8020","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Milena","family":"Milivojevic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2183-0164","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marija","family":"Schwirtlich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1462-4557","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luka","family":"Bojic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6732-3037","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jasmina","family":"Stojkovska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9816-2184","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Isidora","family":"Petrovic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4286-7334","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Milena","family":"Stevanovic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8775-0522","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marija","family":"Mojsin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_5_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-62703-131-8_6"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.etap.2004.12.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_4_2","first-page":"146","article-title":"Food additives and brain complications: A risk to public health","volume":"16","author":"Jahan S","year":"2024","unstructured":"Jahan S. 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