{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T17:34:49Z","timestamp":1791999289785,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,19]],"date-time":"2025-11-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763510400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Community Dental Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Objective:<\/jats:bold>\n                    To explore the impact of area-level deprivation on 5-year-olds\u2019 (school year 1) oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in Wales.\n                    <jats:bold>Basic research design:<\/jats:bold>\n                    During the 2022\/23 academic year, a sample of 5-year-old children in state-maintained schools in Wales were selected to undergo a clinical examination. A random stratified sample of 15,625 children were invited to participate. The British Association for the Study of Community Dentistry diagnostic criteria was used to calculate d3mft (decayed, missing, and filled teeth) and PUFA (pulpal involvement, ulceration, fistula, and abscess) scores for each child.\n                    <jats:bold>Main outcome measures:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Before the examination, parents\/guardians completed the Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (ECOHIS), a validated measure of OHRQoL.\n                    <jats:bold>Results and Conclusion:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Data were gathered from 8,463 children from 612 schools, with a mean age of 5.95\u00a0years. 28.6% had experienced dental caries. Mean d3mft was 1.07 (3.39 in those with caries experience) and PUFA was present in 2.0%. 18.4% of parents\/guardians reported a negative impact on the ECOHIS and this increased to 35.1% amongst children with caries experience (d3mft&gt;0). The most common impacts reported were pain (11.6%, 23.6% if d3mft&gt;0) and feelings of guilt in parents\/guardians (6.7%, 16.5% if d3mft&gt;0). The highest levels of impact were recorded amongst children from deprived communities, and this persisted after controlling for caries experience or untreated decay (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt; 0.05). These data reinforce the need for measures to tackle early childhood caries alongside other efforts to minimise childhood disadvantage.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0265539x251400455","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,20]],"date-time":"2025-11-20T00:14:27Z","timestamp":1763597667000},"page":"160-166","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["The impact of dental caries and local-area deprivation on 5-year-olds\u2019 oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL)"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"43","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6447-6647","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emma","family":"Barnes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiff University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1878-9030","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paul","family":"Brocklehurst","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Public Health Wales"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3721-9455","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anwen","family":"Cope","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiff University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-023-03274-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_1","first-page":"110","article-title":"Caregiver oral health literacy: relationship with socioeconomic factors, oral health behaviors and perceived child dental status","volume":"37","author":"Barasuol JC","year":"2020","unstructured":"Barasuol JC, Daros BCI, Fraiz FC, et al. (2020) Caregiver oral health literacy: relationship with socioeconomic factors, oral health behaviors and perceived child dental status. Community Dental Health 37: 110\u2013114.","journal-title":"Community Dental Health"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_1","volume-title":"Modes of Transport NTS0613: Trips to and from School by Main Mode and Age: England, 1995 Onwards","author":"Department for Transport","year":"2024","unstructured":"Department for Transport (2024) Modes of Transport NTS0613: Trips to and from School by Main Mode and Age: England, 1995 Onwards. London: Department for Transport."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_1","volume-title":"The National Dental Epidemiology Oral Health Survey for 5-year-old Children in Northern Ireland (2018\u201319)","author":"Department of Health","year":"2023","unstructured":"Department of Health (2023) The National Dental Epidemiology Oral Health Survey for 5-year-old Children in Northern Ireland (2018\u201319). Belfast: Department of Health."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-14-854"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cdoe.12616"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1477-7525-5-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-263X.2011.01185.x"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_4_10_1","first-page":"18","article-title":"British association for the study of community dentistry (BASCD) guidance on the statistical aspects of training and calibration of examiners for surveys of child dental health. A BASCD coordinated dental epidemiology programme quality standard","volume":"14","author":"Pine CM","year":"1997","unstructured":"Pine CM, Pitts NB, Nugent ZJ (1997a) British association for the study of community dentistry (BASCD) guidance on the statistical aspects of training and calibration of examiners for surveys of child dental health. A BASCD coordinated dental epidemiology programme quality standard. Community Dental Health 14(1): 18\u201329.","journal-title":"Community Dental Health"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_11_1","first-page":"10","article-title":"British association for the study of community dentistry (BASCD) guidance on sampling for surveys of child dental health. A BASCD coordinated dental epidemiology programme quality standard","volume":"14","author":"Pine CM","year":"1997","unstructured":"Pine CM, Pitts NB, Nugent ZJ (1997b) British association for the study of community dentistry (BASCD) guidance on sampling for surveys of child dental health. A BASCD coordinated dental epidemiology programme quality standard. Community Dental Health 14: 10\u201317.","journal-title":"Community Dental Health"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_12_1","first-page":"6","article-title":"British association for the study of community dentistry (BASCD) diagnostic criteria for caries prevalence surveys \u2013 1996\/97","volume":"14","author":"Pitts NB","year":"1997","unstructured":"Pitts NB, Evans DJ, Pine CM (1997) British association for the study of community dentistry (BASCD) diagnostic criteria for caries prevalence surveys \u2013 1996\/97. Community Dental Health 14: 6\u20139.","journal-title":"Community Dental Health"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_13_1","volume-title":"Inequalities in Oral Health in England","author":"Public Health England","year":"2021","unstructured":"Public Health England (2021) Inequalities in Oral Health in England. London: Public Health England."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_14_1","volume-title":"National Dental Epidemiology Programme (NDEP) for England: Oral Health Survey of 5 Year Old Children 2022","author":"Public Health England","year":"2023","unstructured":"Public Health England (2023) National Dental Epidemiology Programme (NDEP) for England: Oral Health Survey of 5 Year Old Children 2022. London: Public Health England."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_15_1","volume-title":"National Dental Inspection Programme (NDIP) 2023 Report of the 2023 Detailed Inspection Programme of Primary 7 Children and the Basic Inspection of Primary 1 and Primary 7 Children an Official Statistics Release for Scotland","author":"Public Health Scotland","year":"2023","unstructured":"Public Health Scotland (2023) National Dental Inspection Programme (NDIP) 2023 Report of the 2023 Detailed Inspection Programme of Primary 7 Children and the Basic Inspection of Primary 1 and Primary 7 Children an Official Statistics Release for Scotland. Edinburgh: Public Health Scotland."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/children8070586"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11136-016-1427-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(71)92410-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41415-024-7738-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_20_1","volume-title":"Welsh Index of Multiple Deprivation (WIMD) 2019. Guidance","author":"Welsh Government","year":"2019","unstructured":"Welsh Government (2019) Welsh Index of Multiple Deprivation (WIMD) 2019. Guidance. Cardiff: Welsh Government."}],"container-title":["Community Dental Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0265539X251400455","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/0265539X251400455","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0265539X251400455","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,20]],"date-time":"2026-05-20T04:05:43Z","timestamp":1779249943000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/0265539X251400455"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,19]]},"references-count":19,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/0265539X251400455"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0265539x251400455","relation":{},"ISSN":["0265-539X","2515-1746"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0265-539X","type":"print"},{"value":"2515-1746","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,19]]}}}