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Two reviewers independently performed study selection, data extraction, risk of bias assessment (Newcastle-Ottawa scale), and evaluation of evidence certainty.\n                    <jats:bold>Results:<\/jats:bold>\n                    From 5865 unique records identified, 53 studies were included (44 cross-sectional and 9 cohort studies), with low risk of bias in 45 studies. Depression was significantly associated with the outcomes of periodontitis (OR = 1.30, 95%CI 1.07\u20131.57, I\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    = 56%), dental caries (PR = 1.32, 95%CI 1.12\u20131.52, I\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    = 0%), and edentulism (OR = 1.26, 95%CI 1.16\u20131.37, I\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    = 35%). Individuals with edentulism were more likely to have the outcome of depression compared to controls (OR = 1.37, 95%CI 1.15\u20131.64, I\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    = 69%). Meta-analyses demonstrated very low to low certainty of evidence.\n                    <jats:bold>Conclusions:<\/jats:bold>\n                    This systematic review and meta-analysis found significant associations between depression and oral health outcomes, such as periodontitis, dental caries and edentulism. These findings reinforce the interconnection between oral health and psychological factors.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0265539x251400586","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,19]],"date-time":"2025-11-19T03:51:07Z","timestamp":1763524267000},"page":"98-110","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Depression is associated with periodontitis, dental caries and edentulism: A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"43","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2736-8636","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fernando L.","family":"Kloeckner","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal University of Santa Maria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2855-8463","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ja\u00edne C.","family":"Uliana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal University of Santa Maria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6219-0255","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karla Z.","family":"Kantorski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal University of Santa Maria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jphd.12433"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/fmch-2020-000583"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/000163501317153275"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0722.2006.00334.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_6_1","volume-title":"Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders: DSM-5TM, 5th Ed","author":"APA","year":"2013","unstructured":"APA (2013) Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders: DSM-5TM, 5th Ed. 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