{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,30]],"date-time":"2026-08-30T01:04:56Z","timestamp":1788051896716,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,7]],"date-time":"2017-05-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1494115200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005711","name":"Universit\u00e4t Hamburg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Scholarship from the University Medical Center Ham"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Scholarship from the University Medical Center Ham"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005711","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Phlebology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Venous stasis is a risk factor for venous thromboembolism. We aimed to determine the efficacy of forceful foot exercises for actuation of the calf muscle pump to counteract stasis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We examined 20 seated healthy subjects. The peak systolic velocity at the level of the popliteal vein was assessed by Doppler ultrasound.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The mean peak systolic velocity measurements (in cm\/s) were as follows: baseline\u2009=\u20095.6; ankle plantar flexion with toe flexion\u2009=\u200991.0; toe touch heel lift\u2009=\u2009107.4; ankle dorsiflexion with toe extension\u2009=\u2009193.6; isolated flexion of all toes\u2009=\u2009118.8; ankle plantarflexion with 100 and 250 Newton forefoot force\u2009=\u200989.9 and 154.5, respectively.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>All exercises achieved significant increases in peak systolic velocity compared to baseline. Ranking showed that forceful ankle dorsiflexion, plantarflexion with 250 Newtons and forceful flexion of all toes yielded the highest mean peak systolic velocity values (193.6, 154.5, and 118.8\u2009cm\/s, respectively).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/0268355517706042","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,8]],"date-time":"2017-05-08T00:51:15Z","timestamp":1494204675000},"page":"330-337","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["The efficacy of forceful ankle and toe exercises to increase venous return: A comprehensive Doppler ultrasound study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Alexander T","family":"Kropp","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Student of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A Ludwig","family":"Meiss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Paediatric Orthopaedic Surgeon, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angelika E","family":"Guthoff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Specialist in Internal Medicine and Ultrasound Diagnostics, Medical Prevention Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eik","family":"Vettorazzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medical Biometry and Epidemiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sabine","family":"Guth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vice Director and Head of Ultrasound Diagnostics, Medical Prevention Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christoph M","family":"Bamberger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Director, Medical Prevention Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0268355517706042","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3121\/cmr.2009.866"},{"key":"bibr2-0268355517706042","unstructured":"Gardner AMN, Fox RH. The venous system in health and disease, 3rd ed. Amsterdam: IOS Press, 2001, pp. 161\u2013168. Colour Plate III, and p. 33."},{"key":"bibr3-0268355517706042","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Research into global hazards of travel (WRIGHT) Project: final report of phase 1. Report, World Health Organization, Switzerland, January 2007. http:\/\/www.who.int\/cardiovascular_diseases\/publications\/WRIGHT_INFORMATION\/en\/ (2007, accessed 20 January 2017)."},{"key":"bibr4-0268355517706042","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2141.2010.08408.x"},{"key":"bibr5-0268355517706042","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0268355513517686"},{"key":"bibr6-0268355517706042","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.81B4.0810700"},{"key":"bibr7-0268355517706042","unstructured":"Novel Company, Munich. Foopat\u00ae force-sensing mat, www.novel.de\/novelcontent\/pedoped-mobile-forces-sensors (2015, accessed 14 February 2017)."},{"key":"bibr8-0268355517706042","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1071100714530884"},{"key":"bibr9-0268355517706042","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1160\/TH08-09-0615"},{"key":"bibr10-0268355517706042","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1538-7836.2007.02664.x"},{"key":"bibr11-0268355517706042","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/ejvs.1999.1048"},{"key":"bibr12-0268355517706042","first-page":"948769","volume":"2013","author":"Charles T","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Vasc Med"},{"key":"bibr13-0268355517706042","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1258\/phleb.2011.011053"},{"key":"bibr14-0268355517706042","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.83B8.11938"},{"key":"bibr15-0268355517706042","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.74B5.1527133"},{"key":"bibr16-0268355517706042","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2006.06.019"},{"key":"bibr17-0268355517706042","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.111.242818"}],"container-title":["Phlebology: The Journal of Venous Disease"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0268355517706042","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/0268355517706042","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0268355517706042","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T17:49:05Z","timestamp":1777657745000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/0268355517706042"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,7]]},"references-count":17,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/0268355517706042"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0268355517706042","relation":{},"ISSN":["0268-3555","1758-1125"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0268-3555","type":"print"},{"value":"1758-1125","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,7]]}}}