{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T10:38:33Z","timestamp":1788863913831,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,11]],"date-time":"2019-09-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1568160000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Phlebology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The aim of sclerotherapy is to induce fibrosclerosis of superficial veins. We postulated that inadvertent entry of sclerosants into deep veins can result in sclerotic occlusion, deep vein sclerosis, a non-thrombotic process distinct from spontaneous deep vein thrombosis. The aim of this study was to assess the role of d-dimer in differentiating between deep vein sclerosis and deep vein thrombosis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Proximal trunks of great and small saphenous veins were treated with endovenous laser ablation. Venous tributaries and perforators were treated with foam ultrasound guided sclerotherapy. Ultrasound studies of lower limb deep veins were performed before and one week after the procedures, to detect deep vein occlusions (DVOs). d-dimer levels were measured for DVOs and long-term ultrasound studies monitored the recanalisation rates.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In a six-year period, 9143 procedures were performed in 1325 patients for bilateral varicose veins. This included 1124 endovenous laser ablation and 8019 foam ultrasound guided sclerotherapy procedures. A total of 259 DVOs (2.83%) were identified on ultrasound which included 251 deep vein sclerosis (2.74%), seven deep vein thrombosis (0.07%) and one endovenous heat-induced thrombosis (EHIT, 0.08%). d-dimer values &lt;0.5\u2009\u00b5g\/mL excluded deep vein thrombosis s, 0.5\u20131.0\u2009\u00b5g\/mL were more likely to be associated with deep vein sclerosis and &gt;1.0\u2009\u00b5g\/mL were a more likely to be associated with deep vein thrombosis. Lower sclerosant concentrations and higher foam volumes were associated with increased risk of DVO ( p\u2009&lt; \u2009.0001). No significant relationship was found between DVO and gender or thrombophilia. Deep vein thrombosis and EHIT cases but not deep vein sclerosis patients were anticoagulated. None had thromboembolic complications. Patients were followed up for a median of 299 days (37\u20131994 days). Recanalisation rates were 71.1% for deep vein sclerosis (92.3% competent) and 71.4% for deep vein thrombosis (60.0% competent).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Deep vein sclerosis is a relatively benign clinical entity distinct from deep vein thrombosis and does not require anticoagulation. Majority of affected veins on long-term follow-up regain patency and competence. d-dimer can be used to assist in differentiating deep vein sclerosis from deep vein thrombosis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/0268355519873534","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,12]],"date-time":"2019-09-12T01:12:32Z","timestamp":1568250752000},"page":"325-336","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Deep vein sclerosis following sclerotherapy: Ultrasonic and\n                    <scp>d<\/scp>\n                    -dimer criteria"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Kurosh","family":"Parsi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatology, Phlebology and Fluid Mechanics Research Laboratory, St Vincent\u2019s Centre for Applied Medical Research (AMR), St. Vincent\u2019s Hospital, Sydney, Australia"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brydon","family":"Panozzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatology, Phlebology and Fluid Mechanics Research Laboratory, St Vincent\u2019s Centre for Applied Medical Research (AMR), St. Vincent\u2019s Hospital, Sydney, Australia"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alison","family":"Bull","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatology, Phlebology and Fluid Mechanics Research Laboratory, St Vincent\u2019s Centre for Applied Medical Research (AMR), St. Vincent\u2019s Hospital, Sydney, Australia"},{"name":"Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anes","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatology, Phlebology and Fluid Mechanics Research Laboratory, St Vincent\u2019s Centre for Applied Medical Research (AMR), St. Vincent\u2019s Hospital, Sydney, Australia"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mina","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatology, Phlebology and Fluid Mechanics Research Laboratory, St Vincent\u2019s Centre for Applied Medical Research (AMR), St. Vincent\u2019s Hospital, Sydney, Australia"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yana","family":"Parsi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Phlebology Vascular Lab, Chatswood, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9602-7213","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David E.","family":"Connor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatology, Phlebology and Fluid Mechanics Research Laboratory, St Vincent\u2019s Centre for Applied Medical Research (AMR), St. Vincent\u2019s Hospital, Sydney, Australia"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0268355519873534","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejvs.2008.06.026"},{"key":"bibr2-0268355519873534","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejvs.2018.05.008"},{"key":"bibr3-0268355519873534","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1258\/phleb.2012.012s09"},{"key":"bibr4-0268355519873534","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1258\/phleb.2011.011111"},{"key":"bibr5-0268355519873534","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.5891"},{"key":"bibr6-0268355519873534","first-page":"30","volume":"37","author":"Cooley-Andrade O","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int Angiol"},{"key":"bibr7-0268355519873534","first-page":"58","volume":"27","author":"Tessari L","year":"2001","journal-title":"Dermatol Surg"},{"key":"bibr8-0268355519873534","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/42.3.410"},{"key":"bibr9-0268355519873534","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0268355514528691"},{"key":"bibr10-0268355519873534","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Connor D, Joseph J, Exner T, et\u00a0al. Infusion of foam sclerosants results in a distance-dependent procoagulant activity, haemoconcentration and elevation of D-dimer levels.\n                      Phlebology\n                      2014; 29: 677-687. 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