{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,8]],"date-time":"2026-05-08T05:42:45Z","timestamp":1778218965052,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,6]],"date-time":"2020-07-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1593993600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Phlebology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To provide an evidence-based overview of endovenous laser ablation and describe its role as an effective and durable technique for the management of superficial venous insufficiency.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The published literature on the treatment of varicose veins using endovenous laser ablation was reviewed. The literature search focused on the history of endovenous laser ablation, its safety and durability, known complications, and differences in outcomes based on the iterations of fiber type and laser wavelength.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Treatment safety and efficacy of endovenous laser ablation appear to be based on the amount of energy administered over a defined distance, or the linear endovenous energy density. The ideal linear endovenous energy density varies with the laser wavelength and fiber-type. Post-operative pain and bruising may be reduced by the use of higher wavelength fibers or the use of radial or jacket-tip fibers as compared to bare-tip fibers. The incidence of endothermal heat-induced thrombosis remains low and has declined with increasing experience. Reports have demonstrated a greater than 90% technical success rate with saphenous endovenous laser ablation, long-term durability of ablation, and commensurate improvement in quality of life.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Endovenous laser ablation is a safe and durable treatment option for the management of incompetent superficial and perforator veins of the lower extremities. As an endothermal technology, it remains a key component of the standard of care for the treatment of chronic venous insufficiency.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/0268355520937619","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,7]],"date-time":"2020-07-07T00:33:38Z","timestamp":1594082018000},"page":"656-662","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Endovenous laser ablation: A comprehensive review"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"35","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8807-1553","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katherine A","family":"Teter","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, NYU Langone Health, New York City, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lowell S.","family":"Kabnick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Atlantic Health, Morristown Medical Center, Kabnick Vein Center, Morristown, NJ, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mikel","family":"Sadek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, NYU Langone Health, New York City, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0268355520937619","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.avsg.2009.07.035"},{"key":"bibr2-0268355520937619","first-page":"43","author":"Perrin M.","year":"2007","journal-title":"Techniques chirurgicales - Chirurgie vasculaire"},{"key":"bibr3-0268355520937619","first-page":"35","volume":"5","author":"Bone\u2019 C.","year":"1999","journal-title":"Rev Patol Vasc"},{"key":"bibr4-0268355520937619","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mva.2002.123096"},{"key":"bibr5-0268355520937619","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2011.01.079"},{"key":"bibr6-0268355520937619","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2004.09.027"},{"key":"bibr7-0268355520937619","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mva.2003.47"},{"key":"bibr8-0268355520937619","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/026835559300800309"},{"key":"bibr9-0268355520937619","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(93)92989-7"},{"key":"bibr10-0268355520937619","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mva.2000.107094"},{"key":"bibr11-0268355520937619","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0741-5214(99)70110-2"},{"key":"bibr12-0268355520937619","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2005.10.016"},{"key":"bibr13-0268355520937619","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Paty J, Turner-Bowker DM, Elash CA, et\u00a0al. The VVSymQ\u00ae instrument: use of a new patient-reported outcome measure for assessment of varicose vein symptoms.\n                      Phlebology\n                      2016; 31: 481\u2013488.","DOI":"10.1177\/0268355515595193"},{"key":"bibr14-0268355520937619","first-page":"256","volume":"6","author":"Kheirelseid EAH","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Vasc Surg"},{"key":"bibr15-0268355520937619","first-page":"36","volume":"4","author":"Shutze WP","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Vasc Surg"},{"key":"bibr16-0268355520937619","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mva.2002.121132"},{"key":"bibr17-0268355520937619","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5978\/islsm.17-RE-03"},{"key":"bibr18-0268355520937619","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00270-004-0317-9"},{"key":"bibr19-0268355520937619","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2005.09.033"},{"key":"bibr20-0268355520937619","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2310\/6350.2005.31308"},{"key":"bibr21-0268355520937619","unstructured":"Mauriello J, Sanchez EJ, White J, et\u00a0al. Preliminary results of low energy density laser ablation treatment of incompetent truncal veins. In:\n                      XVI World Meeting of the UIP\n                      , Monaco, 2009 August 30."},{"key":"bibr22-0268355520937619","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3400\/avd.oa.15-00084"},{"key":"bibr23-0268355520937619","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.avsg.2017.06.042"},{"key":"bibr24-0268355520937619","first-page":"174","volume":"30","author":"Proebstle TM","year":"2004","journal-title":"Dermatol Surg"},{"key":"bibr25-0268355520937619","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1538574407311107"},{"key":"bibr26-0268355520937619","unstructured":"Almeida JI. Laser thermal ablation. In: Sadek M and Kabnick LS (eds)\n                      Atlas of endovascular venous surgery\n                      . 2nd ed. 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