{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T17:44:06Z","timestamp":1777916646036,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,28]],"date-time":"2022-11-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1669593600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"Lakhanpal Vein Foundation"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Phlebology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Endovascular stenting is the standard of care for the management of symptomatic chronic venous obstruction. The increased radial resistive force and longer lengths of Nitinol stents have led to questions over persistent post-operative back pain. The purpose of this investigation was to assess the incidence and severity of post-operative back pain of Nitinol stents compared to Wallstents.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A retrospective review of data at the Center for Vascular Medicine was performed. Patient demographics, pre-operative, one\u00a0week, three-, six,- and 12\u00a0month visual analog pain scores (VAS) for back pain, stent type, diameter, length, and vein locations were assessed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>From April 2014 to November 2021, 627 (412 women\/215 men) patients were assessed for the presence of post-operative back pain after an initial iliac vein stent placement. Stents utilized were Wallstents ( n = 114), Venovo ( n = 342), and Abre ( n = 171). The most common Nitinol stent diameter and lengths were 14\u00a0mm, 16\u00a0mm, and 120\u00a0mm, respectively ( p \u2264 .03). The incidence of back pain at one\u00a0week was 66% (411\/627). VAS scores at one\u00a0week and one, three, and six\u00a0months post-operatively were the following: Wallstents-2.6 \u00b1 3 ( n = 66), 1.7 \u00b1 2.6 ( n = 43) 0.7 \u00b1 2 ( n = 51), and 0 \u00b1 0 ( n = 27); Abre-3.5 \u00b1 3 ( n = 130), 3.8 \u00b1 3 ( n = 19), 1.2 \u00b1 2.5 ( n = 12), and 1 \u00b1 2 ( n = 5); and Venovo- 2.5 \u00b1 3 ( n = 216), 2.4 \u00b1 3 ( n = 70), 0.9 \u00b1 2 ( n = 68), and 0.6 \u00b1 1.7 ( n = 49). There was no difference in the severity of back pain at any time point ( p \u2265 .99). The development of back pain was unrelated to stent type, diameter, length, or covered vein territory.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Post-operative back pain was observed in 66% of patients at one\u00a0week. The average pain score at one\u00a0week for the entire cohort was three, which declined to less than one at one\u00a0month. No difference in the severity of back pain between groups was observed at any time point, and the development of back pain is unrelated to stent type, diameter, length, or covered vein territory.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/02683555221142710","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,28]],"date-time":"2022-11-28T05:40:05Z","timestamp":1669614005000},"page":"44-50","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Nitinol stents placed in iliac veins are not associated with prolonged back pain"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"Chloe","family":"Snow","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Vein Restoration, Greenbelt, MD, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sydney","family":"Pappas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Vein Restoration, Greenbelt, MD, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1090-6052","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Levan","family":"Sulakvelidze","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Vascular Medicine, Greenbelt, MD, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Richard","family":"Kennedy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Vascular Medicine, Greenbelt, MD, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sanjiv","family":"Lakhanpal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Vein Restoration, Greenbelt, MD, USA"},{"name":"Center for Vascular Medicine, Greenbelt, MD, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7219-8242","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peter J","family":"Pappas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Vein Restoration, Greenbelt, MD, USA"},{"name":"Center for Vascular Medicine, Greenbelt, MD, 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