{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T09:54:22Z","timestamp":1789638862366,"version":"4.0.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,6]],"date-time":"2026-02-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770336000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005089","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["L258025"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["L258025"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005089","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Phlebology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Chronic venous disease (CVD) arises from venous obstruction, reflux, or both. Iliac vein stenting is standard for obstructive lesions, but the incremental benefit of concurrently treating deep venous reflux remains uncertain. We evaluated the efficacy of combining iliac vein stent placement with deep venous valve reconstruction in CVD patients presenting with both iliac obstruction and reflux.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      From October 2015 to May 2025, we retrospectively analyzed a prospectively maintained cohort of 74 patients with lower-limb CVD and iliac vein stenosis and stratified them by reflux pattern: Group 1 (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 14), iliac obstruction + superficial venous reflux; Group 2 (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 16), iliac obstruction + deep venous reflux; Group 3 (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 44), iliac obstruction + both deep and superficial venous reflux. Outcomes included Venous Clinical Severity Score (VCSS), ulcer healing, and complications.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>All groups showed symptomatic improvement with significant VCSS reductions. Patients in Group 3, who received comprehensive management for iliac obstruction and both deep and superficial reflux, showed numerically more favorable outcomes than the other groups. Among 27 patients with active ulcers, the overall healing rate was 85.2%; those undergoing deep venous valve reconstruction had higher healing rates and shorter time to closure. Primary patency of iliac stents was 98.3%, and no major complications were observed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In CVD with coexisting iliac obstruction and venous reflux, a combined strategy\u2014iliac stenting plus deep venous valve reconstruction\u2014was associated with greater clinical improvement and a shorter time to complete ulcer healing compared with treating obstruction alone. This approach appears safe, maintains high stent patency, and may optimize outcomes in complex CVD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/02683555261424073","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,6]],"date-time":"2026-02-06T12:23:51Z","timestamp":1770380631000},"page":"787-796","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Clinical efficacy of combined treatment for lower extremity venous reflux and iliac vein obstruction"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"41","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8857-1024","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wei","family":"Zheng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University"},{"name":"Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zongheng","family":"Gu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Changbao","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jie","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liang","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-3415-8400","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yingfeng","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University"},{"name":"Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/iwj.14405"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_3_2","volume-title":"StatPearls","author":"Patel SK","year":"2024","unstructured":"Patel SK, Surowiec SM. 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