{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,25]],"date-time":"2026-07-25T17:01:24Z","timestamp":1784998884296,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,22]],"date-time":"2026-07-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784678400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Phlebology"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) is a progressive condition of the venous system that negatively impacts physical function.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To identify and analyze functional assessment instruments used in patients with CVI and map their measurement properties, including reliability, validity, and reported changes over time, recognizing that formal responsiveness was evaluated inconsistently across studies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This scoping review followed the Joanna Briggs Institute recommendations and was reported in accordance with the PRISMA-ScR framework. The study protocol was previously registered on the Open Science Framework (\n                      <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/osf.io\/dz6u2\/overview\">https:\/\/osf.io\/dz6u2\/overview<\/jats:ext-link>\n                      ), and searches were conducted across MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, and LILACS, without date or language restrictions. Two independent reviewers performed study selection and data extraction, with discrepancies resolved by a third reviewer.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>From 6342 records identified, 21 studies were included, with 19 instruments identified. Performance-based measures included walking and functional capacity tests (6-min walk test, 10-m walk test, Incremental Shuttle Walk Test), lower-limb functional tests (30-s sit-to-stand, step tests, single-leg stance, SPPB, weight-bearing lunge test), and other performance outcomes (Heel-rise test). Patient-reported outcome measures included physical activity and functioning questionnaires (e.g., IPAQ-SF, HAQ-20, HAP, LEFS, AADL) and symptom-related measures (FSS). Instrumental assessments included goniometry (manual\/digital) and hand-held dynamometry. Across studies, measurement evidence most frequently addressed validity (18 instruments), while reliability (2 instruments) and reported changes over time (13 instruments) were less commonly evaluated and inconsistently reported.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A wide range of functioning and disability measures has been used in CVI, but measurement properties remain incomplete, particularly in reliability and evidence regarding changes over time, limiting confident selection for outcome monitoring.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/02683555261470995","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T04:20:40Z","timestamp":1784780440000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Functional assessment instruments in chronic venous insufficiency: A scoping review of their measurement properties"],"prefix":"10.1177","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-0988-0692","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dalyla Silva Lemos de","family":"Souza","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marina Silva","family":"Reis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5261-6913","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alun Huw","family":"Davies","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Imperial College London"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5789-0353","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matthew","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Imperial College London"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anselmo","family":"Pagani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Ferrara"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patr\u00edcia Fernandes","family":"Trevizan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Whesley Tanor","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lucas Fr\u00f3is Fernandes de","family":"Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonielly Rocha de Souza","family":"Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriel Melo","family":"Fonseca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vanessa Amaral","family":"Mendon\u00e7a","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana Cristina Rodrigues","family":"Lacerda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pedro Henrique Scheidt","family":"Figueiredo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1426-7246","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Henrique Silveira","family":"Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_5_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0741-5214(95)70195-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_5_3_2","first-page":"318","article-title":"Insufici\u00eancia venosa cr\u00f4nica. 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