{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,20]],"date-time":"2026-09-20T14:02:40Z","timestamp":1789912960147,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789689600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Phlebology"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of exercise-related interventions for the prevention and management of deep vein thrombosis (DVT).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Data sources<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar were searched from inception to 31 December 2024 using terms related to exercise, physical activity, DVT, and venous thromboembolism. Reference lists of eligible studies and relevant systematic reviews were also screened. English- and Spanish-language studies were considered.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Review methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>11 primary studies, reported in 12 publications, met the eligibility criteria: seven evaluated preventive strategies or venous-haemodynamic outcomes in participants without established DVT, three evaluated mobilisation or supervised exercise following objectively confirmed acute DVT, and one evaluated supervised exercise in established post-thrombotic syndrome. Two reviewers independently extracted study characteristics, interventions, comparators, outcomes, safety data, and results. Risk of bias was assessed using design-specific tools, and findings were synthesized narratively by clinical setting.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Data synthesis<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Exercise interventions produced favourable changes in surrogate lower-limb venous-haemodynamic measures, while regular sports participation was associated with lower odds of a first venous thrombosis. In acute DVT, mobilisation alongside anticoagulation and compression did not appear to increase thromboembolic complications. Symptomatic improvements could not be separated from compression, and supervised exercise did not improve recanalisation. In established post-thrombotic syndrome, supervised exercise improved disease-specific quality of life, although the reduction in Villalta score was not statistically significant. No universal start time was established. Evidence was limited by small samples, heterogeneity, and methodological concerns.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Exercise may favourably modify surrogate venous haemodynamics. In selected patients with acute DVT receiving anticoagulation and compression, mobilisation did not appear to increase thromboembolic complications, although its independent effects and optimal timing remain uncertain. Supervised exercise may improve disease-specific quality of life in established post-thrombotic syndrome. Larger randomized trials using standardized interventions and clinically relevant outcomes are required.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/02683555261490372","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T13:09:45Z","timestamp":1789736985000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Exercise-based interventions for prevention and management of deep vein thrombosis: A systematic review"],"prefix":"10.1177","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8239-2498","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Lourdes","family":"del R\u00edo Sol\u00e1","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Cl\u00ednico Universitario de Valladolid"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana","family":"P\u00e9rez Jim\u00e9nez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidad de Valladolid"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sandra","family":"P\u00e9rez Fern\u00e1ndez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Cl\u00ednico Universitario de Valladolid"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21037\/cdt.2017.09.01"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1538-7836.2007.02450.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrcardio.2015.83"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-73616-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.19523"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n71"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.l4898"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.46658\/JBIMES-20-01"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2024.108602"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00469580221105989"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/tomography7040061"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvsv.2017.08.019"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1538-7836.2007.02664.x"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_6_15_2","first-page":"230949902090700","article-title":"A novel exercise device for venous thromboembolism prophylaxis improves venous flow in bed versus ankle movement exercises in healthy volunteers","volume":"28","author":"Shimizu Y","year":"2020","unstructured":"Shimizu Y, Kamada H, Sakane M, et al. A novel exercise device for venous thromboembolism prophylaxis improves venous flow in bed versus ankle movement exercises in healthy volunteers. J Orthop Surg 2020; 28(1): 2309499020907005. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/2309499020907005","journal-title":"J Orthop Surg"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00669.2023"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1538-7836.2007.02732.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1185\/030079906X89838"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_3_6_19_2","first-page":"393","article-title":"Leg compression and ambulation is better than bed rest for the treatment of acute deep venous thrombosis","volume":"22","author":"Bl\u00e4ttler W","year":"2003","unstructured":"Bl\u00e4ttler W, Partsch H. Leg compression and ambulation is better than bed rest for the treatment of acute deep venous thrombosis. Int Angiol 2003; 22(4): 393\u2013400.","journal-title":"Int Angiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_3_6_20_2","first-page":"206","article-title":"Immediate mobilisation in acute vein thrombosis reduces post-thrombotic syndrome","volume":"23","author":"Partsch H","year":"2004","unstructured":"Partsch H, Kaulich M, Mayer W. Immediate mobilisation in acute vein thrombosis reduces post-thrombotic syndrome. Int Angiol 2004; 23(3): 206\u2013212.","journal-title":"Int Angiol"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11239-006-9010-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1503\/cmaj.100248"}],"container-title":["Phlebology: The Journal of Venous Disease"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/02683555261490372","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/02683555261490372","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/02683555261490372","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,20]],"date-time":"2026-09-20T13:46:13Z","timestamp":1789911973000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/02683555261490372"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]]},"references-count":21,"alternative-id":["10.1177\/02683555261490372"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/02683555261490372","relation":{},"ISSN":["0268-3555","1758-1125"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0268-3555","type":"print"},{"value":"1758-1125","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]]},"article-number":"02683555261490372"}}