{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T20:03:58Z","timestamp":1783109038391,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,11,11]],"date-time":"2009-11-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1257897600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clin Rehabil"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> Objective: To investigate whether surface electrical stimulation can increase the effectiveness of task-related exercises for improving the walking capacity of patients with chronic stroke. <\/jats:p><jats:p> Design: Randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial. <\/jats:p><jats:p> Setting: Home-based programme. <\/jats:p><jats:p> Subjects: One hundred and nine hemiparetic stroke survivors were assigned randomly to: (1) transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS), (2) TENS + exercise, (3) placebo stimulation + exercise, or (4) control group. <\/jats:p><jats:p> Interventions: The TENS group received 60 minutes of electrical stimulation. Both the TENS + exercise group and placebo stimulation + exercise group did 60 minutes of exercises, followed respectively by 60 minutes of electrical and placebo stimulation. Treatment was given five days a week for four weeks. The control group had no active treatment. <\/jats:p><jats:p> Outcome measures: Comfortable gait speed was measured using a GAITRite II walkway system. Walking endurance and functional mobility were measured by the distance covered during a 6-minute walk test (6MWT) and by timed up and go test scores before treatment, after two weeks and after four weeks of treatment, and at follow-up four weeks after treatment ended. <\/jats:p><jats:p> Results: When compared with the other three groups, only the combined TENS + exercise group showed significantly greater absolute and percentage increases in gait velocity (by 37.1\u201457.5%, all P&lt;0.01) and reduction in timed up and go scores (by \u201414.9 to \u201423.3%, P&lt;0.01) from week 2 onwards. When compared with the control and TENS groups, only the combined TENS + exercise group covered significantly more distance in the 6MWT (by 22.2\u201434.7%, P&lt;0.01) from week 2 onwards. <\/jats:p><jats:p> Conclusion: TENS can improve the effectiveness of task-related exercise for increasing walking capacity in hemiparetic stroke survivors. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0269215509342327","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,11,12]],"date-time":"2009-11-12T01:59:05Z","timestamp":1257991145000},"page":"1093-1103","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":66,"title":["Does the use of TENS increase the effectiveness of exercise for improving walking after stroke? A randomized controlled clinical trial"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Shamay SM","family":"Ng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christina WY","family":"Hui-Chan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, USA,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,11,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"atypb1","volume-title":"Heart disease and stroke statistics","author":"American Heart Association.","year":"2005"},{"key":"atypb2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2005.01.011"},{"key":"atypb3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0004-9514(14)60408-6"},{"key":"atypb4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00013614-200304000-00005"},{"key":"atypb5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004356-198806000-00012"},{"key":"atypb6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.901810206"},{"key":"atypb7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4522(98)00451-5"},{"key":"atypb8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2005.05.055"},{"key":"atypb9","first-page":"709","volume":"16","author":"Golaszewski S.","year":"2002","journal-title":"Scand J Rehabil Med"},{"key":"atypb10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00221-002-1094-9"},{"key":"atypb11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.107.490318"},{"key":"atypb12","first-page":"29","volume":"38","author":"Chan CWY.","year":"1986","journal-title":"Physiother Can"},{"key":"atypb13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0168-5597(92)90079-Q"},{"key":"atypb14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/1.4.233"},{"key":"atypb15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0010-4809(91)90018-R"},{"key":"atypb16","first-page":"105","volume":"21","author":"Chen A.","year":"1993","journal-title":"Am J Acupunct"},{"key":"atypb17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000110308"},{"key":"atypb18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002060-199903000-00006"},{"key":"atypb19","volume-title":"Neurological rehabilitation: optimizing motor performance","author":"Carr JH","year":"1998"},{"key":"atypb20","first-page":"919","volume":"132","author":"Guyatt GH","year":"1985","journal-title":"Can Med Assoc J"},{"key":"atypb21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.1991.tb01616.x"},{"key":"atypb22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/mr.2000.3839"},{"key":"atypb23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1486","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-9993(03)00349-6","volume":"84","author":"Ada L.","year":"2003","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"atypb24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.26.1.101"},{"key":"atypb25","first-page":"85","volume":"3","author":"Gerston J.","year":"1971","journal-title":"Scand J Rehabil Med"},{"key":"atypb26","first-page":"559","volume":"61","author":"Gardner AW","year":"1989","journal-title":"Hum Biol"},{"key":"atypb27","first-page":"837","volume":"80","author":"Fitts SS","year":"1995","journal-title":"Am J Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"atypb28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/096382899297684"}],"container-title":["Clinical Rehabilitation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0269215509342327","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0269215509342327","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,2]],"date-time":"2025-03-02T04:55:58Z","timestamp":1740891358000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/0269215509342327"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,11,11]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/0269215509342327"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0269215509342327","relation":{},"ISSN":["0269-2155","1477-0873"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0269-2155","type":"print"},{"value":"1477-0873","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,11,11]]}}}