{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T21:37:41Z","timestamp":1790199461774,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,10,4]],"date-time":"2011-10-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1317686400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clin Rehabil"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Objective: The study asked whether an early botulinum toxin A (BTX-A) injection in subacute stroke patients may prevent a disabling finger flexor stiffness six months later.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Design: Single-blind, randomized pilot study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Setting: Inpatient rehabilitation centre.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Subjects: Eighteen stroke patients, interval 4\u20136 weeks, non-functional arm, Fugl-Meyer arm score (0\u201366) &lt;20, beginning elevated finger flexor tone, randomly allocated to group A or B.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Interventions: In group A patients 150 units BTX-A (Xeomin) injected into the deep and superficial finger (100 units) and wrist flexors (50 units), no injection in group B patients. Comprehensive rehabilitation in both groups.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Main measures: Primary variable was the Modified Ashworth Scale score (0\u20135) of the finger flexors; secondary variables were whole arm muscle tone with REPAS (a summary rating scale for resistance to passive movement), its motor control with the Fugl-Meyer arm score, and a disability scale, blindly assessed at T0 (start), T1 (four weeks) and T6 (six months).<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Results: Homogeneous groups at T0. Significantly less finger flexor stiffness in the BTX-A group at T1 and T6, the mean (SD) Modified Ashworth Scale scores in group A (B) were: 1.7 \u00b1 0.5 (1.6 \u00b1 0.5) at T0; 0.4 \u00b1 0.5 (1.9 \u00b1 0.7) at T1; and 1.4 \u00b1 0.7 (2.4 \u00b1 0.9) at T6. Among the secondary measures, the disability score, namely the items pain and passive nail trimming, was lower in group A at T1 and T6.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Conclusions: The results indicate an effect of early BTX-A injection on finger flexor stiffness six months later, presumably attributable to a reduced contracture development. Effect size calculation suggests inclusion of at least 17 patients per group excluding drop-outs in a warranted placebo-controlled trial.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0269215511421355","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,10,4]],"date-time":"2011-10-04T23:04:15Z","timestamp":1317769455000},"page":"237-245","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":55,"title":["An early botulinum toxin A treatment in subacute stroke patients may prevent a disabling finger flexor stiffness six months later: a randomized controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"S","family":"Hesse","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Park Berlin Humboldtm\u00fchle, Neurological Rehabilitation, Charit\u00e9\u2013University Medicine Berlin, 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