{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T08:25:22Z","timestamp":1792398322265,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,21]],"date-time":"2014-05-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1400630400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clin Rehabil"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To improve gait and balance in patients with Parkinson\u2019s disease by combining anodal transcranial direct current stimulation with physical training.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In a double-blind design, one group (physical training; n = 8) underwent gait and balance training during transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS; real\/sham). Real stimulation consisted of 15 minutes of 2 mA transcranial direct current stimulation over primary motor and premotor cortex. For sham, the current was switched off after 30 seconds. Patients received the opposite stimulation (sham\/real) with physical training one week later; the second group (No physical training; n = 8) received stimulation (real\/sham) but no training, and also repeated a sequential transcranial direct current stimulation session one week later (sham\/real).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Hospital Srio Libanes, Buenos Aires, Argentina.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Subjects:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Sixteen community-dwelling patients with Parkinson\u2019s disease.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Interventions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Transcranial direct current stimulation with and without concomitant physical training.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Main measures:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Gait velocity (primary gait outcome), stride length, timed 6-minute walk test, Timed Up and Go Test (secondary outcomes), and performance on the pull test (primary balance outcome).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Transcranial direct current stimulation with physical training increased gait velocity (mean = 29.5%, SD = 13; p &lt; 0.01) and improved balance (pull test: mean = 50.9%, SD = 37; p = 0.01) compared with transcranial direct current stimulation alone. There was no isolated benefit of transcranial direct current stimulation alone. Although physical training improved gait velocity (mean = 15.5%, SD = 12.3; p = 0.03), these effects were comparatively less than with combined tDCS + physical therapy ( p &lt; 0.025). Greater stimulation-related improvements were seen in patients with more advanced disease.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Anodal transcranial direct current stimulation during physical training improves gait and balance in patients with Parkinson\u2019s disease. Power calculations revealed that 14 patients per treatment arm (\u03b1 = 0.05; power = 0.8) are required for a definitive trial.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/0269215514534277","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,21]],"date-time":"2014-05-21T23:17:34Z","timestamp":1400714254000},"page":"1115-1124","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":137,"title":["Combining physical training with transcranial direct current stimulation to improve gait in Parkinson\u2019s disease: a pilot randomized controlled study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"D","family":"Kaski","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK"},{"name":"Universidad de Buenos Aires, Hospital Sirio Liban\u00e9s Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, 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