{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T01:18:52Z","timestamp":1792199932343,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,3]],"date-time":"2016-10-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1475452800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clin Rehabil"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To investigate the effectiveness of exercise therapy on pain, function, and mobility outcomes in patients with temporomandibular joint dysfunction.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study design:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Systematic review with meta-analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A systematic review and meta-analysis undertaken following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Studies that met the inclusion criteria: (1) randomized controlled trials; (2) a population with the diagnosis of temporomandibular joint dysfunction; and (3) interventions that included exercise therapy were considered for review. When studies demonstrated homogeneity on outcome measures, the mean differences or standardized mean differences with 95% confidence interval were calculated and pooled in a meta-analysis for pooled synthesis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Six articles with a total of 419 participants were included in the review and only four studies were included in the meta-analysis. Mobility and mixed exercise therapy approaches appear to be the most common exercise approaches utilized for management of temporomandibular joint dysfunction. Exercise therapy and the associated dosage provide moderate short-term and varying long-term benefits in reduction of pain and improvement of range of motion of the in patients with temporomandibular joint dysfunction.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Included studies suggest a mobility or a mixed approach to exercise therapies have impact on reducing pain, significant impact for increasing range of motion, but lack a significant impact for functional improvement.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Level of evidence:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Therapy, level 1a-.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/0269215516672275","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,3]],"date-time":"2016-10-03T21:39:51Z","timestamp":1475530791000},"page":"1039-1048","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":59,"title":["The effectiveness of exercise therapy for temporomandibular dysfunction: a systematic review and meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Shantil M","family":"Dickerson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy, Walsh University, North Canton, OH, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jarod M","family":"Weaver","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy, Walsh University, North Canton, OH, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ashley N","family":"Boyson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy, Walsh University, North Canton, OH, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jared A","family":"Thacker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy, Walsh University, North Canton, OH, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew A","family":"Junak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy, Walsh University, North Canton, OH, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pamela D","family":"Ritzline","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy, Walsh University, North Canton, OH, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Megan B","family":"Donaldson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy, Walsh University, North Canton, OH, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0269215516672275","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2519\/jospt.2014.4847"},{"key":"bibr2-0269215516672275","first-page":"317","volume":"22","author":"Isong U","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Orofac Pain"},{"key":"bibr3-0269215516672275","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1589\/jpts.27.295"},{"key":"bibr4-0269215516672275","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2522\/ptj.20140548"},{"key":"bibr5-0269215516672275","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1179\/2042618613Y.0000000061"},{"key":"bibr6-0269215516672275","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S2176-94512013000500022"},{"key":"bibr7-0269215516672275","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BOR.0000000000000160"},{"key":"bibr8-0269215516672275","first-page":"CD004250","volume":"1","author":"Gross A","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"bibr9-0269215516672275","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e3181b8db2e"},{"key":"bibr10-0269215516672275","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.b2700"},{"key":"bibr13-0269215516672275","unstructured":"World Health Organization. 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