{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,28]],"date-time":"2026-10-28T18:04:12Z","timestamp":1793210652812,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,23]],"date-time":"2018-07-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1532304000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"Charlene B. Memorial Fund"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clin Rehabil"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To test whether rhythmic auditory stimulation (RAS) training reduces the number of falls in Parkinson\u2019s disease patients with a history of frequent falls.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Randomized withdrawal study design.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Subjects:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 60 participants (aged 62\u201382\u2009years) diagnosed with idiopathic Parkinson\u2019s disease (Hoehn and Yahr stages III or IV) with at least two falls in the past 12\u2009months.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Intervention:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Participants were randomly allocated to two groups and completed 30\u2009minutes of daily home-based gait training with metronome click\u2013embedded music. The experimental group completed 24\u2009weeks of RAS training, whereas the control group discontinued RAS training between weeks 8 and 16.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Main measures:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Changes in clinical and kinematic parameters were assessed at baseline, weeks 8, 16, and 24.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Both groups improved significantly at week 8. At week 16\u2014after the control group had discontinued training\u2014significant differences between groups emerged including a rise in the fall index for the control group ( M\u2009=\u200910, SD\u2009=\u20096). Resumption of training reduced the number of falls so that group differences were no longer significant at week 24 ( M\n                      <jats:sub>experimental<\/jats:sub>\n                      \u2009=\u20093, SD\u2009=\u20092.6; M\n                      <jats:sub>control<\/jats:sub>\n                      \u2009=\u20095, SD\u2009=\u20094.4; P\u2009&gt;\u20090.05). Bilateral ankle dorsiflexion was significantly correlated with changes in gait, fear of falling, and the fall index, indicating ankle flexion as a potential kinematic mechanism RAS addresses to reduce falls.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>RAS training significantly reduced the number of falls in Parkinson\u2019s disease and modified key gait parameters, such as velocity and stride length.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/0269215518788615","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,23]],"date-time":"2018-07-23T05:14:40Z","timestamp":1532322880000},"page":"34-43","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":130,"title":["Rhythmic auditory stimulation for reduction of falls in Parkinson\u2019s disease: a randomized controlled study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"33","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8603-8127","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael H","family":"Thaut","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Music and Health Science Research Collaboratory, Faculty of Music, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruth R","family":"Rice","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Research in Neurorehabilitation, Poudre Valley Hospital, University of Colorado Health, Fort Collins, CO, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thenille","family":"Braun Janzen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Music and Health Science Research Collaboratory, Faculty of Music, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Corene P","family":"Hurt-Thaut","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Music and Health Science Research Collaboratory, Faculty of Music, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gerald C","family":"McIntosh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Research in Neurorehabilitation, Poudre Valley Hospital, University of Colorado Health, Fort Collins, CO, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0269215518788615","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.20485"},{"key":"bibr2-0269215518788615","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.21598"},{"key":"bibr3-0269215518788615","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.72.6.721"},{"key":"bibr4-0269215518788615","first-page":"906274","volume":"2013","author":"Allen NE","year":"2013","journal-title":"Parkinsons Dis"},{"key":"bibr5-0269215518788615","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/apmr.2001.24893"},{"key":"bibr6-0269215518788615","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-510X(03)00104-7"},{"key":"bibr7-0269215518788615","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/119.1.51"},{"key":"bibr8-0269215518788615","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.62.1.22"},{"key":"bibr9-0269215518788615","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/114.4.1667"},{"key":"bibr10-0269215518788615","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.870110213"},{"key":"bibr11-0269215518788615","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.200X.097923"},{"key":"bibr12-0269215518788615","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2007.09.008"},{"key":"bibr13-0269215518788615","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.2007.05810.x"},{"key":"bibr14-0269215518788615","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-16232-5"},{"key":"bibr15-0269215518788615","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.17.5.427"},{"key":"bibr16-0269215518788615","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-3956(75)90026-6"},{"key":"bibr17-0269215518788615","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.2340\/1650197719952736","volume":"27","author":"Berg K","year":"1995","journal-title":"Scand J Rehabil Med"},{"key":"bibr18-0269215518788615","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.1991.tb01616.x"},{"key":"bibr19-0269215518788615","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/geronj\/45.6.P239"},{"key":"bibr20-0269215518788615","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AJP.0b013e3181b12dec"},{"key":"bibr21-0269215518788615","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0895-4356(93)90163-U"},{"key":"bibr22-0269215518788615","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1115\/1.3590864"},{"key":"bibr23-0269215518788615","unstructured":"Thaut MH, Hoemberg V. 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