{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T17:13:41Z","timestamp":1793121221097,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":82,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,13]],"date-time":"2025-04-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1744502400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002322","name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clin Rehabil"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To identify the optimal number of sessions and parameters of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation frequency, stimulation intensity, number of pulses per session\/treatment that promotes a greater effect on post-stroke upper extremity function.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Data sources<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>MEDLINE (PubMed), Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Physiotherapy Evidence Database, Latin American and Caribbean Health Science Literature, Scientific Electronic Library Online, and Scopus up to November 2024.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Review methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We conducted a meta-analysis on randomized controlled trials of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation combined with other therapies for post-stroke upper extremity function, assessed risk-of-bias using the Physiotherapy Evidence Database scale, calculated standard mean differences (SMD) with 95% confidence intervals (CI), and determined parameter cutoff points using a receiver operating characteristic curve.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Thirty-five randomized clinical trials involving 897 patients were included. Compared to control groups, repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation combined with other therapies improved upper extremity motor function with a higher effect size for:\u2009\u2265\u200915 sessions (SMD 0.72 95% CI, 0.37 to 1.08; p\u2009&lt;\u20090.0001]),\u2009&gt;\u20091 Hz frequencies (0.98 [95% CI, 0.48 to 1.48; p\u2009=\u20090001]), intensities of &lt;100% of resting motor threshold (SMD 0.52 [95% CI, 0.29 to 0.75; p\u2009&lt;\u20090.00001]),\u2009\u2265\u20091000 pulses per session (SMD 0.61 [95% CI, 0.40 to 0.82; p\u2009&lt;\u20090.00001]), and \u226512,000 pulses per treatment (SMD 0.64 [95% CI, 0.36 to 0.93; p\u2009&lt;\u20090.0001]).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To enhance post-stroke upper extremity function, the optimal repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation protocol involves at least 15 sessions, frequencies above 1 Hz, intensities below 100% of resting motor threshold, at least 1000 pulses per session, and 12,000 pulses per treatment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/02692155251328945","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,14]],"date-time":"2025-04-14T01:49:31Z","timestamp":1744595371000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["The impact of the number of sessions and stimulation parameters on repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation efficacy for post-stroke upper extremity recovery: A systematic review and meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1177","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8781-0644","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gabriel","family":"Barreto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Applied Neuroscience Laboratory, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil"},{"name":"NAPeN Network (N\u00facleo de Assist\u00eancia e Pesquisa em 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