{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T07:10:25Z","timestamp":1777533025002,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,29]],"date-time":"2025-04-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1745884800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clin Rehabil"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To investigate agreement in spasticity classification between the Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS) and the Modified Tardieu Scale (MTS) when performed on four lower limb muscles in adults following neurological injury.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Observational trial.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Inpatient and outpatient neurological rehabilitation unit.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Ninety adults with lower limb spasticity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Main Measures<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Ninety participants underwent a spasticity assessment of their hamstrings at 40\u00b0 and 90\u00b0 of hip flexion, quadriceps, gastrocnemius and soleus using the MAS and MTS. Assessment findings were dichotomised into spastic (MAS\u2009\u2265\u20091 or MTS X\u2009\u2265\u20092) or not spastic (MAS\u2009=\u20090 or MTS X\u2009\u2264\u20091) categories. To evaluate agreement, 2\u2009\u00d7\u20092 contingency tables were generated to calculate positive, negative and overall agreement. Statistical association was calculated using the Fisher's Exact Test.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The MAS classified the presence of spasticity more frequently than the MTS. The proportion of trials with agreement in spasticity classifications according to both scales and their Fishers exact test were hamstrings at 90\u00b0 hip flexion (17.6%; p\u2009=\u20090.009); hamstrings at 40\u00b0 hip flexion (75.0%; p\u2009=\u20090.166); quadriceps (67.1%; p\u2009=\u20090.020); gastrocnemius (77.9%; p\u2009=\u20090.586); and soleus (67.8%; p\u2009=\u20090.113).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The MAS and MTS demonstrated a level of disparity in their classification of lower limb spasticity across all four muscles, particularly the more proximal muscle groups.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/02692155251337306","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,29]],"date-time":"2025-04-29T03:23:42Z","timestamp":1745897022000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["The Modified Ashworth and Modified Tardieu Scales differ in their classification of lower limb spasticity"],"prefix":"10.1177","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-1462-6981","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J","family":"Beard","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Physiotherapy Department, Epworth Healthcare, Richmond VIC, Australia"},{"name":"School of Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne VIC, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2758-7473","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"G","family":"Williams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physiotherapy Department, Epworth Healthcare, Richmond VIC, Australia"},{"name":"School of Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne VIC, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3935-110X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M","family":"Kahn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physiotherapy Department, Epworth Healthcare, Richmond VIC, Australia"},{"name":"School of Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne VIC, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5416-2118","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M","family":"Banky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physiotherapy Department, Epworth Healthcare, Richmond VIC, Australia"},{"name":"School of Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne VIC, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.110.581991"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PHM.0000000000001823"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1191\/1352458504ms1085oa"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09638288.2016.1198432"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","first-page":"111","article-title":"Epidemiological, humanistic, and economic burden of illness of lower limb spasticity in adults: a systematic review","volume":"10","author":"Martin A","year":"2014","unstructured":"Martin A, Abogunrin S, Kurth H, et al. 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