{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T07:11:38Z","timestamp":1777533098807,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,25]],"date-time":"2025-10-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761350400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clin Rehabil"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"abstract":"\n Objective<\/jats:title>\n To propose three areas of cognitive expertise as the foundation of rehabilitation, uniting the many varieties of rehabilitation.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Five issues<\/jats:title>\n \n The following matters require an explanation:\n \n \n (i) \u2002Does only providing assistive technology constitute rehabilitation?<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:list-item>\n \n (ii) \u2002What explains the dramatic success of spinal cord injury rehabilitation?<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:list-item>\n \n (iii) \u2002How did stroke rehabilitation units reduce mortality and morbidity?<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:list-item>\n \n (iv) \u2002How does rehabilitation improve outcomes in progressive conditions?<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:list-item>\n \n (v) \u2002How does rehabilitation benefit people born with a disabling condition?<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:list-item>\n <\/jats:list>\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Foundations<\/jats:title>\n People naturally adapt to illness, and rehabilitation facilitates this adaptation within the holistic biopsychosocial framework.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Three features<\/jats:title>\n \n Three cognitive characteristics of rehabilitation practice are identified:\n \n \n (i) \u2002Recognising that the person's adaptation to any limitations imposed by a health condition is the fundamental process underlying change, and that rehabilitation expertise enhances and facilitates it.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:list-item>\n \n (ii) \u2002Being person-centred, considering the patient's situation using the holistic biopsychosocial model of illness, paying particular attention to the potential long-term social outcomes, including living arrangements.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:list-item>\n \n (iii) \u2002Using systematic and evidence-based clinical reasoning to achieve a holistic formulation focused on functional problems, collaborating with other professions and services in the interventions.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:list-item>\n <\/jats:list>\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Healthcare<\/jats:title>\n Rehabilitation is one of many specialities using a biopsychosocial healthcare approach, focused on these principles, which contrasts with a biomedical approach focused on disease.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n Rehabilitation expertise has a broader scope than biomedical practice, emerging from rehabilitation thinking, which combines three key features: enhancing the person's adaptation, being person-centred, and employing a systematic approach to clinical reasoning. These differences resolve the five issues.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/02692155251384852","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,25]],"date-time":"2025-10-25T07:23:33Z","timestamp":1761377013000},"page":"145-153","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Is rehabilitation's unifying expertise its holistic scope and cognitive approach to the patient's problems? An exploration"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"40","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1188-8442","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Derick T","family":"Wade","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Oxford Brookes University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","unstructured":"World Health Organisation. Fact Sheet on Rehabilitation. 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