{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T07:12:01Z","timestamp":1777533121189,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,18]],"date-time":"2025-11-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763424000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clin Rehabil"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cognitive decline and impaired balance are well-documented in people with diabetic peripheral neuropathy; however, no ambulation assessments currently address the cognitive dual-task demands specific to this population. The Six-Spot Step Test Cognitive is a brief, functional mobility test designed to equally emphasize cognitive and motor components. This study evaluated its construct validity and test-retest reliability in people with diabetic peripheral neuropathy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cross-sectional study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Outpatient clinics.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Participants<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Fifty-five people with diabetic peripheral neuropathy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Main measures<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The Six-Spot Step Test Cognitive was completed twice within the same day and again three to seven days later. Additionally, the cognitive Timed \u201cUp and Go\u201d test and the Mini-BESTest were administered on the last day. Reliability and validity were estimated using Bland-Altman statistics, the minimal difference, Intraclass Correlation Coefficient, and Spearman's rank correlation coefficient.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The Six-Spot Step Test Cognitive was found reliable (Intraclass Correlation Coefficient: 0.88\u20130.92; minimal difference: 27.2%\u201331.4%) and showed moderate construct validity to the cognitive Timed \u201cUp and Go\u201d test (Spearman's rank correlation coefficient\u2009=\u20090.55,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u2009.001). Weak correlations with the Mini-BESTest (Spearman's rank correlation coefficient\u2009=\u2009\u20130.26,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u2009.06) indicated low construct validity. Significantly higher dual-task costs were observed when performing the Six-Spot Step Test Cognitive (58.7%) compared to the cognitive Timed \u201cUp and Go\u201d test (29.6%).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In people with diabetic peripheral neuropathy, the Six-Spot Step Test Cognitive demonstrated promising construct validity and acceptable to excellent reliability, making it a valid measure of functional mobility, including cognitive dual-tasking. Additionally, a higher dual-task cost indicated actual cognitive-motor interference while performing the test.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/02692155251397583","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,18]],"date-time":"2025-11-18T18:17:26Z","timestamp":1763489846000},"page":"486-497","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A study of the reliability and validity of the Six-Spot Step Test Cognitive in ambulatory people with diabetic peripheral neuropathy"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Alexander Kj\u00e6r","family":"Laugesen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"VIA University College"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-0420-3451","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Esben","family":"K\u00f8hler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"VIA University College"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christian Selmer","family":"Buhl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aarhus University Hospital"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8788-1669","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"John Kodal","family":"Brincks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"VIA University College"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11892-019-1212-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc16-2042"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11892-014-0528-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.28.4.956"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc13-0012"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afl077"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2017.08.022"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph19116944"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/jmh.jmh_29_23"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1191\/1352458506ms1293oa"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0269215519877498"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/80.9.896"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","first-page":"918719","article-title":"A review of dual-task walking deficits in people with Parkinson's disease: motor and cognitive contributions, mechanisms, and clinical implications","volume":"2012","author":"Kelly VE","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kelly VE, Eusterbrock AJ, Shumway-Cook A. 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