{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T03:47:22Z","timestamp":1777952842294,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777680000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777680000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100022544","name":"SBRI","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["SBRIH18P2018"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SBRIH18P2018"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100022544","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clin Rehabil"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To review the costs and cost-effectiveness of telerehabilitation training for upper limb function in people after stroke.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Data Sources<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>MEDLINE, EconLit, and EMBASE databases were searched for studies published between 2013 and 16 March 2026.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The review included studies of technology-based rehabilitation programmes for individuals after stroke that evaluated costs or cost-effectiveness. Titles and abstracts were screened, and data were independently extracted by two researchers. Study quality was appraised using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) checklist. Findings were synthesised narratively.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Fifteen studies including 963 participants were included. Two studies conducted cost-effectiveness analyses, eight reported cost analyses, and six reported the use of a preference-based measure recommended for cost-effectiveness studies (all used the EQ-5D), with some studies contributing to more than one category. Evidence on costs and cost-effectiveness was mixed, but several studies suggested potential cost savings. Reporting of EQ-5D outcomes was inconsistent across studies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Evidence on the costs of telerehabilitation training for upper limb function primarily focused on therapist time and equipment costs. Few studies included costs associated with equipment maintenance, depreciation, or the need for internet-enabled devices. Reductions in therapist time could offset or exceed technology costs. Further research is needed to evaluate the longer-term costs and cost-effectiveness of telerehabilitation in this population.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/02692155261441561","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T12:52:44Z","timestamp":1777726364000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Costs and cost effectiveness of the use of telerehabilitation training for upper limb function in people after stroke: A systematic review"],"prefix":"10.1177","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3820-0932","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daim","family":"Syukriyah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Exeter"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jemma","family":"Perks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Exeter"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Phil","family":"McBride","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Exeter"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Philip","family":"Clatworthy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"North Bristol NHS Trust, Bristol, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Helen","family":"Dawes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical School, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, UK"},{"name":"NIHR Exeter Biomedical Research Centre (BRC) and Health Research Collaboration (HRC), University of Exeter, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8829-2217","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maedeh","family":"Mansoubi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Exeter"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tristan","family":"Snowsill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Exeter"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gordon","family":"Taylor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Exeter"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Claire","family":"Hulme","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Exeter"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afz162"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-82486-6.00002-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_2","article-title":"Virtual reality for stroke rehabilitation","volume":"11","author":"Laver KE","year":"2017","unstructured":"Laver KE, Lange B, George S, et al. Virtual reality for stroke rehabilitation. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2017; 11: CD008349.","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_2","article-title":"Interventions for improving upper limb function after stroke","volume":"11","author":"Pollock A","year":"2014","unstructured":"Pollock A, Farmer SE, Brady MC, et al. Interventions for improving upper limb function after stroke. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2014; 11: CD010820.","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_2","volume-title":"Guide to the methods of technology appraisal 2013","author":"National Institute for Health and Care Excellence","year":"2013","unstructured":"National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Guide to the methods of technology appraisal 2013. London: National Institute for Health and Care Excellence, 2013, Available from: https:\/\/www.nice.org.uk\/process\/pmg9 [cited 2024 Jun 6]."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_2","unstructured":"Critical Appraisal Skills Programme. 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