{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]],"date-time":"2026-06-05T16:06:39Z","timestamp":1780675599517,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":70,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"Griffith University School of Nursing and Midwifery seed grant"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clin Rehabil"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To systematically evaluate the extent and quality of patient and public involvement (PPI) reporting in prehabilitation programmes and research.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Data Sources<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Keyword searches were conducted in MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycINFO and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials from 1 January 1994 to 22 October 2025.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Review methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Using an a priori protocol registered with PROSPERO, a systematic review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. A narrative synthesis approach was used to interpret findings across heterogeneous studies. Methodological quality was assessed using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT). A patient representative contributed to the study design and co-authored the review.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>From 14,078 records, 16 studies reporting PPI were included from the UK, Australia, Canada, USA and Spain. Most studies involved patients at multiple stages, using varied approaches including experience-based co-design. Reporting quality was suboptimal; only three studies met all items of the GRiPP2-SF checklist criteria, and none used a formal PPI reporting checklist tool.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Few prehabilitation programmes are designed with patient and public involvement; highlighting the need for collaborative approaches to improve acceptability and adherence. Although evidence of PPI is limited, several studies demonstrated sustained and meaningful involvement. Reporting remains inconsistent, underscoring the need for clearer reporting to strengthen the evidence base and support wider adoption. The findings highlight substantial opportunities for collaboration in future programmes, and further research should examine how PPI influences adherence, patient experience and the overall effectiveness of prehabilitation interventions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/02692155261450157","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T12:03:12Z","timestamp":1780315392000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Patient and Public Involvement in Prehabilitation: A Systematic Review"],"prefix":"10.1177","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3345-9929","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rachel","family":"Muir","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Southern Cross University"},{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine, Gold Coast University Hospital"},{"name":"Kings College London"},{"name":"Griffith University, Gold Coast"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8124-1054","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Megan","family":"Rattray","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Flinders University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3764-1277","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peta-Anne","family":"Zimmerman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Griffith University, Gold Coast"},{"name":"Infection Control Department, Collaborative for the Advancement of Infection Prevention and Control, Queensland, Australia"},{"name":"Infection Control Department, Gold Coast Hospital and Health Service, Queensland, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joan","family":"Carlini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gold Coast Health"},{"name":"Bond University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frances Fengzhi","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Flinders University"},{"name":"Flinders University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejso.2020.04.042"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fsurg.2021.628848"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jvca.2019.01.023"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13643-018-0771-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00268-019-04950-y"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bja.2021.11.014"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj-2024-081164"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bja.2024.02.035"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/DCR.0000000000000987"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00520-018-4109-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11605-020-04561-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-023-03990-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","first-page":"189","article-title":"The challenge of patient adherence","volume":"1","author":"Martin LR","year":"2005","unstructured":"Martin LR, Williams SL, Haskard KB, et al. The challenge of patient adherence. Ther Clin Risk Manag 2005; 1: 189\u2013199.","journal-title":"Ther Clin Risk Manag"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/medhum-2017-011398"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","volume-title":"People-centred health care: a policy framework","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2013","unstructured":"World Health Organization. People-centred health care: a policy framework. Manila: WHO Regional Office for the Western Pacific; 2013 [cited 2025 Aug 3]. Available from: https:\/\/www.who.int\/publications\/i\/item\/9789290613176"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pec.2021.07.021"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/JSM-12-2022-0373"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/hex.12841"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cam4.6200"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.29045\/14784726.2022.06.7.1.29"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjoq-2019-000686"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)62228-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","unstructured":"National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR). UK Standards for Public Involvement. National Institute for Health and Care Research; 2019 Nov [cited 2025 Aug 3]. Available from: https:\/\/sites.google.com\/nihr.ac.uk\/pi-standards\/home"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","article-title":"The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews","volume":"372","author":"Page MJ","year":"2021","unstructured":"Page MJ, McKenzie JE, Bossuyt PM, et al. The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. Br Med J 2021; 372: n71\u2013n71.","journal-title":"Br Med J"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_2","unstructured":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research. Strategy for Patient-Oriented Research\u202f\u2013\u202fPatient Engagement Framework. Ottawa: Canadian Institutes of Health Research; 2014 [cited 2025 Aug 3]. Available from: https:\/\/www.cihr-irsc.gc.ca\/e\/48413.html"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_2","unstructured":"National Institute for Health and Care Research. Briefing notes for researchers\u202f\u2013\u202fpublic involvement in NHS health and social care research [cited 2025 Aug 3]. Available from: https:\/\/www.nihr.ac.uk\/briefing-notes-researchers-public-involvement-nhs-health-and-social-care-research"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.17061\/phrp3222211"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_29_2","unstructured":"International Association for Public Participation. IAP2\u2019s public participation spectrum. 2018 [cited 2025 Aug 3]. Available from: https:\/\/iap2.org.au\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/2018_IAP2_Spectrum.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_30_2","first-page":"949","article-title":"No positive effect of preoperative exercise therapy and teaching in patients to be subjected to hip arthroplasty","volume":"138","author":"Wijgman AJ","year":"1994","unstructured":"Wijgman AJ, Dekkers GH, Waltj\u00e9 E, et al. No positive effect of preoperative exercise therapy and teaching in patients to be subjected to hip arthroplasty. Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd 1994; 138: 949\u2013952.","journal-title":"Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0269215510380830"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13643-016-0384-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_33_2","article-title":"Patient engagement in Canada: A scoping review of the \u2018how\u2019 and \u2018what\u2019 of patient engagement in health research","volume":"16","author":"Manafo E","year":"2018","unstructured":"Manafo E, Petermann L, Mason-Lai P, et al. Patient engagement in Canada: A scoping review of the \u2018how\u2019 and \u2018what\u2019 of patient engagement in health research. Health Res Policy Syst 2018; 16: \u20135.","journal-title":"Health Res Policy Syst"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_34_2","article-title":"GRiPP2 reporting checklists: tools to improve reporting of patient and public involvement in research","volume":"358","author":"Staniszewska S","year":"2017","unstructured":"Staniszewska S, Brett J, Simera I, et al. GRiPP2 reporting checklists: tools to improve reporting of patient and public involvement in research. Br Med J 2017; 358: j3453\u2013j3453.","journal-title":"Br Med J"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_35_2","volume-title":"Guidance on the conduct of narrative synthesis in systematic reviews: a product from the ESRC methods programme","author":"Popay J","year":"2006","unstructured":"Popay J, Roberts H, Sowden A, et al. Guidance on the conduct of narrative synthesis in systematic reviews: a product from the ESRC methods programme. 2006. Lancaster University: Lancaster: Institute for Health Research."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jep.12884"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/iwj.13395"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-025-08673-1"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5334\/ijic.6503"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00520-019-04877-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13187-017-1207-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radi.2023.04.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2022-062526"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000546272"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2022-070609"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pec.2020.09.014"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fdgth.2023.1054894"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijotn.2012.08.005"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2016-013498"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers15205039"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00520-020-05341-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00520-015-2677-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_53_2","first-page":"9308284","article-title":"Defining criteria for quality and equity in prehabilitation services before cancer surgery: a delphi study informed by lived and professional experience","volume":"1","author":"Wareing L","year":"2025","unstructured":"Wareing L, Hirst Y, Shelton C, et al. Defining criteria for quality and equity in prehabilitation services before cancer surgery: a delphi study informed by lived and professional experience. Eur J Cancer Care, 2025; 1: 9308284, 2025.","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer Care"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2022-063356"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/emermed-2022-212514"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_56_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12961-020-00644-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_57_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2017-020452"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_58_2","volume-title":"Reporting patient and public involvement in research","author":"The British Medical Journal (BMJ)","year":"2018","unstructured":"The British Medical Journal (BMJ). Reporting patient and public involvement in research. London: BMJ; 2018 Mar [cited 2025 Aug 3]. Available from: https:\/\/www.bmj.com\/sites\/default\/files\/attachments\/resources\/2018\/03\/PPI_in_Research.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_59_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjqs-2015-004839"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_60_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/hex.12519"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_61_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/hex.14092"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_62_2","unstructured":"National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR). Improving inclusion of under-served groups in clinical research: guidance from the NIHR-INCLUDE project. UK: National Institute for Health and Care Research; 2020 [cited 2025 Aug 3]. Available from: https:\/\/www.nihr.ac.uk\/improving-inclusion-under-served-groups-clinical-research-guidance-include-project"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_63_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40900-021-00296-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_64_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/10497323231191048"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_65_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2016-014650"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_66_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2666-7568(24)00010-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_67_2","unstructured":"National Health and Medical Research Council. Consumer and community engagement 2021 [cited 2025 Aug 5]. Available from: https:\/\/www.nhmrc.gov.au\/about-us\/consumer-and-community-engagement"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_68_2","unstructured":"National Institute for Health Research. Patients carers and the public 2022 [cited 2025 Aug 5]. Available from: https:\/\/www.nihr.ac.uk\/patients-carers-and-the-public\/"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_69_2","unstructured":"Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute. Patient-centered outcomes research 2013 [cited 2025 Aug 5]. Available from: https:\/\/www.pcori.org\/research-related-projects\/about-our-research\/research-we-fund\/establishing-definition-patient-centered-outcomes-research\/patient-centered-outcomes-research"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_70_2","unstructured":"Picker Institute Europe. Experience-Based Co-Design toolkit [Internet]. Oxford: Picker Institute Europe; [cited 2025 Aug\u202f4]. Available from: https:\/\/picker.org\/learning-develop\/ebcd-experience-based-co-design-toolkit\/"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_71_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40900-021-00308-8"}],"container-title":["Clinical Rehabilitation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/02692155261450157","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/02692155261450157","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/02692155261450157","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]],"date-time":"2026-06-05T15:47:34Z","timestamp":1780674454000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/02692155261450157"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]]},"references-count":70,"alternative-id":["10.1177\/02692155261450157"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/02692155261450157","relation":{},"ISSN":["0269-2155","1477-0873"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0269-2155","type":"print"},{"value":"1477-0873","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]]},"article-number":"02692155261450157"}}