{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T20:34:02Z","timestamp":1792787642385,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791936000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791936000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"Aalborg University Hospital, Denmark","id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02jk5qe80","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Clin Rehabil"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This systematic review aimed to synthesise and characterise studies reporting cognitive, psychological and participation outcomes in transient ischaemic attack (TIA) and minor stroke, including how impairments are measured, definitions of TIA and minor stroke and study representativeness.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Systematic searches of PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, PsycInfo and the Cochrane Library were conducted (from 2013 to 4 June 2026). Articles included participants with TIA\/minor stroke and quantitative measures of fatigue, cognitive or communication impairments, depression, anxiety, quality of life, return to work\/education or social participation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Searches identi\ufb01ed 39,136 records, with 190 articles included (comprising 64,638 participants). Cognitive impairment was most frequently reported (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009134), followed by depression (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200971) and quality of life (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200946). Less common were fatigue (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200933), social participation (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200916), return to work\/education (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200914) and communication impairment (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20098). Only 41 studies (21.6%) examined these impairments as primary outcomes. There was heterogeneity in the definition of TIA\/minor stroke, the outcome measures and cut-off scores, as well as under-representation from lower-middle and low-income countries and female participants. Ethnicity was rarely reported.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We identified a large volume of literature that measured lasting impairment following TIA\/minor stroke; however, these were seldom the primary outcome. Substantial heterogeneity in outcome measures, cut-off scores and TIA\/minor stroke definitions limited comparability across studies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This review highlights the need for a core outcome set in TIA\/minor stroke assessments. Clinicians should recognise that cognitive, psychological and participation difficulties may persist after TIA\/minor stroke and ensure these outcomes are considered from initial to follow-up assessments.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/02692155261490502","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T17:01:21Z","timestamp":1791997281000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Inconsistent definitions and outcome measurement: A systematic review of impairments following transient ischaemic attack and minor stroke"],"prefix":"10.1177","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5073-7615","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Birgitte H","family":"Ebessen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Aalborg University Hospital"},{"name":"Aalborg University Hospital"},{"name":"Aalborg University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer","family":"Crow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Imperial College London"},{"name":"Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tenelle","family":"Hodson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"La Trobe University"},{"name":"The Hopkins Centre, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emma","family":"Finch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"West Moreton Health"},{"name":"The University of Queensland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Boris","family":"Modrau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aalborg University Hospital"},{"name":"Aalborg University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gary","family":"Crowfoot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Newcastle"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5837-9891","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eirini","family":"Kontou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Nottingham"},{"name":"Nottinghamshire Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5840-4348","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paul","family":"Mackie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of British Columbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7478-8422","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Connie","family":"Krubbeltrang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aalborg University Hospital"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6713-4551","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jade","family":"Kettlewell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Nottingham"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9783-9413","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Grace","family":"Turner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Birmingham"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/23969873221100032"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1802712"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2396987321992905"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.109.572883"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/svn-2022-002049"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","unstructured":"Stroke Foundation. Australian and New Zealand Living Clinical Guidelines for Stroke Management https:\/\/app.magicapp.org\/#\/guideline\/Kj2R8j (2023)."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000444282"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.12469"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.13088"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1747493018823158"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.117.018298"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-52721-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000213605"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/scs.12937"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13311-023-01349-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0308022618800184"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_18_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Sick leave and homecare need in patients with transient ischemic attack compared with ischemic stroke: a nationwide follow-up study","volume":"32","author":"Ebbesen BH","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ebbesen BH, Gr\u00f8ntved S, Modrau B, et al. Sick leave and homecare need in patients with transient ischemic attack compared with ischemic stroke: a nationwide follow-up study. Eur J Neurol 2024; 32: 1\u201310.","journal-title":"Eur J Neurol"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/hsc.12866"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09638288.2017.1295473"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2023.1177309"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n71"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_23_2","unstructured":"Joanna Briggs Institute. Critical Appraisal Tools https:\/\/jbi.global\/critical-appraisal-tools."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2014.05.005"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.111.633586"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/pas0000082"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s41687-020-00244-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(25)00533-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10549-024-07262-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2024.07.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/58947"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11136-020-02459-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2022.0300"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.108.192218"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/brb3.70575"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2024.53252"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13063-021-05276-8"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj-2024-083882"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.j5085"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2021.0873"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(21)00252-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_42_2","volume-title":"Guidance for the production and publication of Cochrane living systematic reviews: Cochrane Reviews in living mode","author":"Brokker J","year":"2019","unstructured":"Brokker J, Synnot A, McDonald S, et al. Guidance for the production and publication of Cochrane living systematic reviews: Cochrane Reviews in living mode. Cochrane, 2019."},{"key":"e_1_3_3_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/09638288.2014.923523"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.114.007346"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1179\/1074935714Z.0000000013"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2018.04.038"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000350035"}],"container-title":["Clinical Rehabilitation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/02692155261490502","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/02692155261490502","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/02692155261490502","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T16:56:55Z","timestamp":1792256215000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/02692155261490502"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]]},"references-count":46,"alternative-id":["10.1177\/02692155261490502"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/02692155261490502","relation":{},"ISSN":["0269-2155","1477-0873"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0269-2155","type":"print"},{"value":"1477-0873","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]]},"article-number":"02692155261490502"}}