{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T03:55:17Z","timestamp":1790826917042,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,13]],"date-time":"2025-07-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1752364800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,13]],"date-time":"2025-07-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1752364800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"PGR International Studentship by King\u2019s College London","award":["21140830"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21140830"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Palliat Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The Integrated Palliative Care Outcome Scale for Dementia (IPOS-Dem) was developed to assess symptoms and concerns comprehensively for people with dementia. There is a high demand for comprehensive assessment of people with dementia in China.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To translate and culturally adapt the IPOS-Dem into Chinese.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Conceptual equivalence, forward and backward translations, and expert review were performed to develop a prototype Chinese version. Two rounds of cognitive interviews were conducted to ensure the items and scoring format were clearly expressed in the Chinese version.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting\/participants:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Professionals, including a physician, a nurse, a linguistic researcher and a humanities researcher, were involved in the prototype Chinese version development. A purposive sample of 12 health care professionals working in three Chinese nursing homes participated in the cognitive interviewing.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The Chinese version was perceived as clinically useful. Challenges arose regarding comprehension of some items due to difficulties in translating the precise meanings. These included \u2018Drowsiness (sleepiness)\u2019, \u2018Difficulty communicating\u2019 and \u2018Do you think s\/he felt at peace?\u2019. Considering how a symptom affects an individual presented was also challenging for respondents, as they needed to judge whether the symptom was present and\/or causing distress. Selecting the appropriate term to name the measure elucidated the current understanding of dementia and palliative care in China, both of which remain poorly understood.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study highlighted the importance of cultural adaptation in conveying meanings across cultures. Most items were translatable and conceptually equivalent. The term \u2018at peace\u2019 and the concept of \u2018being affected\u2019 generated the most challenges in comprehension and judgement.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/02692163251347826","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,13]],"date-time":"2025-07-13T10:33:20Z","timestamp":1752402800000},"page":"897-909","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Translation and cross-cultural adaptation of Integrated Palliative Care Outcome Scale for Dementia"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"39","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1595-4478","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Linghui","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cicely Saunders Institute of Palliative Care, Policy and Rehabilitation, Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, Midwifery and Palliative Care, King\u2019s College London, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9777-4373","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katherine E","family":"Sleeman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cicely Saunders Institute of Palliative Care, Policy and Rehabilitation, Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, Midwifery and Palliative Care, King\u2019s College London, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huichan","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geriatric Medicine, Fuzhou University Affiliated Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1647-5049","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yihan","family":"Mo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cicely Saunders Institute of Palliative Care, Policy and Rehabilitation, Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, Midwifery and Palliative Care, King\u2019s College London, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1717-1546","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andy","family":"Bradshaw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cicely Saunders Institute of Palliative Care, Policy and Rehabilitation, Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, Midwifery and Palliative Care, King\u2019s College London, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3453-3203","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Clare","family":"Ellis-Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cicely Saunders Institute of Palliative Care, Policy and Rehabilitation, Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, Midwifery and Palliative Care, King\u2019s College London, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/alzrt198"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","volume-title":"Dementia","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2023","unstructured":"World Health Organization. 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