{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,14]],"date-time":"2026-11-14T02:04:35Z","timestamp":1794621875822,"version":"4.9.1"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2000,5,1]],"date-time":"2000-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":957139200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Psychopharmacol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> Infection with the human immunodefiency virus (HIV) selectively targets the basal ganglia resulting in loss of dopaminergic neurons. Although frequently asymptomatic, some patients may develop signs of dopamine deficiency de novo. Accordingly, they are highly susceptible to drugs that act on dopaminergic systems. Both neuroleptics and psychostimulants may exacerbate these symptoms. Experimental evidence suggests that viral proteins such as gp120 and Tat can cause toxicity to dopaminergic neurons, and this toxicity is synergistic with compounds such as methamphetamine and cocaine that also act on the dopaminergic system. In addition, other neurotransmitters that modulate dopaminergic function, such as glutamate and opioids, may also modify the susceptibility of the dopamine system to HIV. Therefore, a thorough understanding of the mechanisms that lead to this selective neurotoxicity of dopaminergic neurons would also likely lead to the development of therapeutic modalities for patients with HIV dementia. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/026988110001400305","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,4,1]],"date-time":"2009-04-01T23:04:54Z","timestamp":1238627094000},"page":"222-227","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":162,"title":["Neurotoxicity and dysfunction of dopaminergic systems associated with AIDS dementia"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Avindra","family":"Nath","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA; Kentucky Clinic L-445, Department of Neurology, Lexington, KY 40536\u20140284, USA;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carol","family":"Anderson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Melina","family":"Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William","family":"Maragos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurology, Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rosemarie","family":"Booze","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charles","family":"Mactutus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tobacco Health Research Institute, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeanne","family":"Bell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kurt F.","family":"Hauser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Mattson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2000,5,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"atypb1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(95)01166-8"},{"key":"atypb2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-199401000-00010"},{"key":"atypb3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000150539"},{"key":"atypb4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s002130050799"},{"key":"atypb5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-5728(97)00224-5"},{"key":"atypb6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1471-4159.1999.0722312.x"},{"key":"atypb7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(87)90937-8"},{"key":"atypb8","first-page":"209","volume":"9","author":"Everall I P","year":"1999","journal-title":"HNRC Group. HIV Neurobehavioral Research Center. Brain Pathol"},{"key":"atypb9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005072-199507000-00003"},{"key":"atypb10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00042560-199711010-00002"},{"key":"atypb11","first-page":"177","volume":"41","author":"Gerlach M","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Neural Transm"},{"key":"atypb12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/aid.1994.10.947"},{"key":"atypb13","first-page":"445","volume-title":"The pharmacology of opioid peptides. Harwood Academic Publishers, USA","author":"Herz A","year":"1995"},{"key":"atypb14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/exnr.1998.6788"},{"key":"atypb15","first-page":"7","volume-title":"Seventh Annual NIDA Meeting on Neuroimmune Circuits and Infectious Disease","author":"Hauser K F","year":"1999"},{"key":"atypb16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4522(93)90278-N"},{"key":"atypb17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-2999(90)90088-N"},{"key":"atypb18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-5728(94)90226-7"},{"key":"atypb19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(85)92706-0"},{"key":"atypb20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.51.2_Suppl_2.S2"},{"key":"atypb21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.148.11.1558"},{"key":"atypb22","first-page":"000","volume":"00","author":"Jones J","year":"2000","journal-title":"Immunolocalization of HIV envelope gp120 in HIV encephalitis with HIV dementia Journal"},{"key":"atypb23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005072-199806000-00004"},{"key":"atypb24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0920-9964(97)00007-8"},{"key":"atypb25","first-page":"1281","volume":"48","author":"Kieburtz K D","year":"1991","journal-title":"Therapeutic implications. Arch Neurol"},{"key":"atypb26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00587827"},{"key":"atypb27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/13550289709030748"},{"key":"atypb28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00001756-199712010-00034"},{"key":"atypb29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0376-8716(98)00064-7"},{"key":"atypb30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/exnr.1998.6958"},{"key":"atypb31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9440(10)65096-1"},{"key":"atypb32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.490280313"},{"key":"atypb33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1531-8257(199901)14:1<128::AID-MDS1021>3.0.CO;2-J"},{"key":"atypb34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410370314"},{"key":"atypb35","first-page":"285","volume":"66","author":"Masliah E","year":"1992","journal-title":"Lab Invest"},{"key":"atypb36","first-page":"963","volume":"42","author":"Masliah E","year":"1997","journal-title":"HNRC Group. The HIV Neurobehavioral Research Center. Ann Neurol"},{"key":"atypb37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/exnr.1998.6863"},{"key":"atypb38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-8993(98)00763-X"},{"key":"atypb39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.47.6.1583"},{"key":"atypb40","first-page":"684","volume":"13","author":"Mirsattari S M","year":"1998","journal-title":"Parkinsonism with HIV infection. Mov Disord"},{"key":"atypb41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-291X(90)91694-N"},{"key":"atypb42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/0022-1317-77-9-1993"},{"key":"atypb43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0301-0082(97)00053-1"},{"key":"atypb44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.70.3.1475-1480.1996"},{"key":"atypb45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410190603"},{"key":"atypb46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(00)80110-5"},{"key":"atypb47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1750-3639.1997.tb00888.x"},{"key":"atypb48","first-page":"39","volume":"82","author":"Reyes M G","year":"1991","journal-title":"Nigral degeneration in acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) Acta Neuropathol"},{"key":"atypb49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-199609000-00026"},{"key":"atypb50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00169546"},{"key":"atypb51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00001756-199603220-00015"},{"key":"atypb52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1460-9568.1999.00482.x"},{"key":"atypb53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1098-2396(199704)25:4<381::AID-SYN9>3.0.CO;2-6"},{"key":"atypb54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0009-2797(94)90031-0"},{"key":"atypb55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm0696-699"},{"key":"atypb56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410400312"},{"key":"atypb57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/aid.1997.13.187"}],"container-title":["Journal of Psychopharmacology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/026988110001400305","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/026988110001400305","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,28]],"date-time":"2025-01-28T01:54:44Z","timestamp":1738029284000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/026988110001400305"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2000,5]]},"references-count":57,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/026988110001400305"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/026988110001400305","relation":{},"ISSN":["0269-8811","1461-7285"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0269-8811","type":"print"},{"value":"1461-7285","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2000,5]]}}}