{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T05:44:29Z","timestamp":1790833469297,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,3,1]],"date-time":"2004-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1078099200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Psychopharmacol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    This study aimed to examine the behavioural and neurochemical (cannabinoid CB\n                    <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                    receptor gene expression) changes induced by spontaneous cannabinoid withdrawal in mice. Tolerance was assessed by measuring rectal temperature and motor activity in the open-field test after CP-55, 940 administration. Cannabinoid withdrawal symptoms were determined by measuring motor activity and behavioural signs of abstinence. Cessation of CP-55, 940 treatment in tolerant mice induced a spontaneous time-dependent behavioural withdrawal syndrome consisting of marked increases (140%) in motor activity, number of rearings (170%), decreases in grooming (57%), wet dog shakes (73%) and rubbing behaviours (74%) on day 1, progressively reaching values similar to vehicle-treated mice on day 3. Interestingly, this spontaneous cannabinoid withdrawal resulted in CB\n                    <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                    gene expression upregulation (20\u201330%) in caudate-putamen, ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus, central amygdaloid nucleus and CA1, whereas in the CA3 field of hippocampus, a significant decrease (15\u201320%) was detected. Taken together, the results of this study suggest that cessation of CP-55, 940 administration in tolerant mice produces a behavioural cannabinoid withdrawal syndrome and a selective and differential responsiveness in CB\n                    <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                    receptor gene expression in several brain regions of the mice. These findings further suggest a time and regional differential role for cannabinoid receptors in short- and long-term neuroadaptations that occur after exposure to cannabis derivatives.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0269881104040238","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,4,21]],"date-time":"2004-04-21T21:27:18Z","timestamp":1082582838000},"page":"59-65","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Spontaneous cannabinoid withdrawal produces a differential time-related                responsiveness in cannabinoid CB1 receptor gene expression in the mouse brain"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Jos\u00e9 M.","family":"Oliva","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Servicio de Psiquiatr\u00eda y Unidad de Investigaci\u00f3n,                        Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sergio","family":"Ortiz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Servicio de Psiquiatr\u00eda y Unidad de Investigaci\u00f3n,                        Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tom\u00e1s","family":"Palomo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Servicio de Psiquiatr\u00eda y Unidad de Investigaci\u00f3n,                        Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jorge","family":"Manzanares","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Servicio de Psiquiatr\u00eda y Unidad de Investigaci\u00f3n,                        Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,3,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"atypb1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-6147(92)90064-D"},{"key":"atypb2","unstructured":"Aceto M D, Scates S M, Lowe J A, Martin B R (1996) Dependence on delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol: studies on precipitated and abrupt withdrawal . 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