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Healthy males received, in a double-blind, randomized design, placebo (n = 12), 10 (n = 17) or 20 (n = 14) mg of escitalopram 2 hours before the test. Behavioural, autonomic and neuroendocrine measures were assessed. Both doses of escitalopram did not produce any effect before or during the speech but prolonged the fear induced by SPS. The test itself did not significantly change cortisol and prolactin levels but under the higher dose of escitalopram, cortisol and prolactin increased immediately after SPS. This fear-enhancing effect of escitalopram agrees with previously reported results with less selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and the receptor antagonist ritanserin, indicating that serotonin inhibits the fear of speaking in public.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0269881108101782","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,2,27]],"date-time":"2009-02-27T21:10:12Z","timestamp":1235769012000},"page":"683-694","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Escitalopram prolonged fear induced by simulated public speaking and released hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activation"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"C.","family":"Garcia-Leal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Psychiatry and Medical Psychology, Medical School of Ribeir\u00e3o Preto, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, Ribeir\u00e3o Preto, SP, Brazil,"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"CM","family":"Del-Ben","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Psychiatry and Medical Psychology, Medical School of Ribeir\u00e3o Preto, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, Ribeir\u00e3o Preto, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"FM","family":"Leal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Psychiatry and Medical Psychology, Medical School of Ribeir\u00e3o Preto, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, Ribeir\u00e3o Preto, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"FG","family":"Graeff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Psychiatry and Medical Psychology, Medical School of Ribeir\u00e3o Preto, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, Ribeir\u00e3o Preto, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"FS","family":"Guimar\u00e3es","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Medical School of Ribeir\u00e3o Preto, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, Ribeir\u00e3o Preto, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,2,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"atypb1","volume-title":"Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fourth ed. 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