{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T01:27:59Z","timestamp":1777858079179,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":73,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,9,2]],"date-time":"2011-09-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1314921600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Psychopharmacol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    The atypical antipsychotic drug clozapine has multiple pharmacological actions, some of which, including 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    ) and histamine (H\n                    <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                    ) receptor antagonist effects, are shared by the non-selective 5-HT receptor antagonist cyproheptadine. Atypical antipsychotics have a characteristic profile of action on operant behaviour maintained by progressive ratio schedules, as revealed by Killeen\u2019s (1994) mathematical model of schedule controlled behaviour. These drugs increase the values of a parameter that expresses the \u2018incentive value\u2019 of the reinforcer ( a) and a parameter that is inversely related to the \u2018motor capacity\u2019 of the organism (\u03b4). This experiment examined the effects of acute treatment with cyproheptadine and clozapine on performance on a progressive ratio schedule of food reinforcement in rats; the effects of a conventional antipsychotic, haloperidol, and two drugs with food intake-enhancing effects, chlordiazepoxide and \u0394\n                    <jats:sup>9<\/jats:sup>\n                    -tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), were also examined. Cyproheptadine (1, 5\u2009mg\u2009kg\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    ) and clozapine (3.75, 7.5\u2009mg\u2009kg\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    ) increased a and \u03b4. Haloperidol (0.05, 0.1\u2009mg\u2009kg\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    ) reduced a and increased \u03b4. Chlordiazepoxide (3, 10\u2009mg\u2009kg\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    ) increased a but reduced \u03b4. THC (1, 3\u2009mg\u2009kg\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    ) had no effect. Interpretation based on Killeen\u2019s (1994) model suggests that cyproheptadine and clozapine enhanced the incentive value of the reinforcer and impaired motor performance. Motor impairment may be due to sedation (possibly reflecting H\n                    <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                    receptor blockade). Enhancement of incentive value may reflect simultaneous blockade of H\n                    <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                    and 5-HT\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    receptors, which has been proposed as the mechanism underlying the food intake-enhancing effect of cyproheptadine. In agreement with previous findings, haloperidol impaired motor performance and reduced the incentive value of the reinforcer. Chlordiazepoxide\u2019s effect on a is consistent with its food intake-enhancing effect.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0269881111408961","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,9,3]],"date-time":"2011-09-03T20:13:21Z","timestamp":1315080801000},"page":"857-870","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["A clozapine-like effect of cyproheptadine on progressive ratio schedule performance"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"CM","family":"Olarte-S\u00e1nchez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Psychopharmacology Section, Division of Psychiatry, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"L","family":"Valencia Torres","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Psychopharmacology Section, Division of Psychiatry, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, 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