{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T20:10:47Z","timestamp":1791403847626,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,24]],"date-time":"2012-01-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1327363200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Psychopharmacol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Serotonin (5-HT), opioids and the dorsal periaqueductal grey (DPAG) have been implicated in the pathophysiology of panic disorder. In order to study 5-HT\u2013opioid interaction, the opioid antagonist naloxone was injected either systemically (1 mg\/kg, i.p.) or intra-DPAG (0.2 \u03bcg\/0.5 \u03bcL) to assess its interference with the effect of chronic fluoxetine (10 mg\/kg, i.p., daily for 21 days) or of intra-DPAG 5-HT (8 \u03bcg\/0.5 \u03bcL). Drug effects were measured in the one-escape task of the rat elevated T-maze, an animal model of panic. Pretreatment with systemic naloxone antagonized the lengthening of escape latency caused by chronic fluoxetine, considered a panicolytic-like effect that parallels the drug\u2019s therapeutic response in the clinics. Pretreatment with naloxone injected intra-DPAG antagonized both the panicolytic effect of chronic fluoxetine as well as that of 5-HT injected intra-DPAG. Neither the performance of the inhibitory avoidance task in the elevated T-maze, a model of generalized anxiety nor locomotion measured in a circular arena was affected by the above drug treatments. These results indicate that the panicolytic effect of fluoxetine is mediated by endogenous opioids that are activated by 5-HT in the DPAG. They also allow reconciliation between the serotonergic and opioidergic hypotheses of panic disorder pathophysiology.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0269881111434619","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,25]],"date-time":"2012-01-25T21:18:31Z","timestamp":1327526311000},"page":"525-531","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["The panicolytic-like effect of fluoxetine in the elevated T-maze is mediated by serotonin-induced activation of endogenous opioids in the dorsal periaqueductal grey"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Camila M","family":"Roncon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutic, State University of Maring\u00e1, Maring\u00e1, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carla","family":"Biesdorf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and 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