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Preclinical studies have consistently shown that stress decreases the gene expression of 5-HT\n                    <jats:sub>1A<\/jats:sub>\n                    receptors in experimental animals, and that the associated increase in hormone secretion plays a crucial role in mediating this effect. Chronic administration of the mood stabilizers lithium and divalproex (valproate semisodium) reduces glucocorticoid signaling and function in the hippocampus. Lithium has further been shown to enhance 5-HT\n                    <jats:sub>1A<\/jats:sub>\n                    receptor function. To assess whether these effects translate to human subject with bipolar disorder (BD), positron emission tomography (PET) and [18F]trans-4-fluoro-N-(2-[4-(2-methoxyphenyl) piperazino]-ethyl)-N-(2-pyridyl) cyclohexanecarboxamide ([\n                    <jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>\n                    F]FCWAY) were used to acquire PET images of 5-HT\n                    <jats:sub>1A<\/jats:sub>\n                    receptor binding in 10 subjects with BD, before and after treatment with lithium or divalproex. Mean 5-HT\n                    <jats:sub>1A<\/jats:sub>\n                    binding potential (BP\n                    <jats:sub>P<\/jats:sub>\n                    ) significantly increased following mood stabilizer treatment, most prominently in the mesiotemporal cortex (hippocampus plus amygdala). When mood state was also controlled for, treatment was associated with increases in BP\n                    <jats:sub>P<\/jats:sub>\n                    in widespread cortical areas. These preliminary findings are consistent with the hypothesis that these mood stabilizers enhance 5-HT\n                    <jats:sub>1A<\/jats:sub>\n                    receptor expression in BD, which may underscore an important component of these agents\u2019 mechanism of action.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0269881113499204","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,8]],"date-time":"2013-08-08T00:42:47Z","timestamp":1375922567000},"page":"894-902","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Mood stabilizer treatment increases serotonin type 1A receptor binding in bipolar depression"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Allison C","family":"Nugent","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Experimental Therapeutics and Pathophysiology Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul J","family":"Carlson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Earle E","family":"Bain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroscience and Anesthesia Development, Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William","family":"Eckelman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California, San Diego Medical Center, San Diego, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Herscovitch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"PET Department, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Husseini","family":"Manji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Johnson &amp; Johnson Pharmaceutical Research &amp; Development, Titusville, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"suffix":"Jr","given":"Carlos A","family":"Zarate","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Experimental Therapeutics and Pathophysiology Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wayne C","family":"Drevets","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Johnson &amp; Johnson Pharmaceutical Research &amp; Development, Titusville, USA"},{"name":"Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, USA; Department of Psychiatry, The University of Oklahoma College of Medicine, Tulsa, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890423349"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Practice guideline for the treatment of patients with bipolar disorder (revision)","volume":"159","author":"American Psychiatric Association","year":"2002","unstructured":"American Psychiatric Association (2002) Practice guideline for the treatment of patients with bipolar disorder (revision). 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