{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T11:35:10Z","timestamp":1785843310673,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,26]],"date-time":"2014-03-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1395792000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Psychopharmacol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The neuropeptide ghrelin stimulates hunger and weight gain. Ghrelin actions have been associated with depression in a number of preclinical and clinical studies, although some studies comparing basal peripheral ghrelin levels between depressed patients and controls found no differences between the groups.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Twenty patients with a melancholic depressive episode and 15 controls received a 75 g glucose load and ghrelin levels were measured at 0, 30, 60 and 90 min after the beginning of the test. The patients were then either treated with mirtazapine ( n=10) or venlafaxine ( n=10) and underwent the same procedure (glucose load and ghrelin assessment) after four weeks of treatment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Basal ghrelin concentrations did not differ between patients and controls, although the ghrelin responses following the glucose load were lower in patients and differed significantly to the controls\u2019 responses. After treatment, the patients\u2019 ghrelin responses to the glucose load increased by trend and approximated those in the control group.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Ghrelin is involved in appetite-regulating pathways during depression. For the first time we show that a functional test procedure using a standardised glucose load is more suitable than the assessment of basal peripheral ghrelin levels to detect differences between diagnostic groups.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/0269881114527655","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,26]],"date-time":"2014-03-26T23:19:01Z","timestamp":1395875941000},"page":"582-586","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Unstimulated and glucose-stimulated ghrelin in depressed patients and controls"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Georgios","family":"Paslakis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sabine","family":"Westphal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Clinical Chemistry, Magdeburg University Hospital, Magdeburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bettina","family":"Hamann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Gilles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Florian","family":"Lederbogen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Deuschle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0269881114527655","volume-title":"Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders","author":"American Psychiatric Association","year":"2000","edition":"4"},{"key":"bibr2-0269881114527655","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.86.10.7885"},{"key":"bibr3-0269881114527655","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2002-021169"},{"key":"bibr4-0269881114527655","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03345525","volume":"28","author":"Broglio F","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Endocrinol 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