{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T01:42:51Z","timestamp":1790818971903,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,5]],"date-time":"2020-06-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1591315200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Psychopharmacol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Antipsychotics are key for the treatment of psychotic and several non-psychotic disorders. Unfortunately, antipsychotic medications are associated with side effects, which may reduce quality of life and treatment adherence. Therefore, regular screening of antipsychotic side effects is essential. The Glasgow Antipsychotic Side-effect Scale is a patient self-report scale developed for this purpose. However, the Glasgow Antipsychotic Side-effect Scale has only been validated against another self-report side effect measure, which is suboptimal.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We aimed to validate the Glasgow Antipsychotic Side-effect Scale using the clinician-rated Udvalg for Kliniske Unders\u00f8gelser side-effect rating scale as the gold standard reference.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>81 antipsychotic-treated outpatients with schizophrenia-spectrum disorders (age = 42\u00b113\u2009years; males = 43%, schizophrenia = 77%, illness duration: median = 11\u2009years) completed the Glasgow Antipsychotic Side-effect Scale and were subsequently scored on the Udvalg for Kliniske Unders\u00f8gelser by trained raters. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value were calculated for paired Glasgow Antipsychotic Side-effect Scale and Udvalg for Kliniske Unders\u00f8gelser items. Sensitivity of Glasgow Antipsychotic Side-effect Scale items ranged from 33\u201396%, with 19 (86%) having &gt;75% sensitivity. Lowest sensitivity emerged for \u201cnocturnal enuresis\u201d (33%), \u201cgalactorrhea\u201d (50%) and \u201chyperkinesia\u201d 14\u201399%, with 14 items (64%) having &gt;75% specificity, being lowest for \u201casthenia\u201d (14%), \u201cpolyuria\/polydipsia\u201d (35%), \u201csedation\u201d (41%), \u201cakathisia\u201d (53%), \u201cdystonia\u201d (65%), \u201chyperkinesia\u201d (68%), \u201chypokinesia\u201d (70%) and \u201caccommodation\u201d (70%). Positive predictive value ranged from 7\u201385%, with six items (27%) having a positive predictive value &gt;75%. Negative predictive value ranged from 40\u201398%, with 21 items (95%) having a negative predictive value &gt;75%. The mean time to complete the Glasgow Antipsychotic Side-effect Scale was 4\u00b12\u2009minutes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The Glasgow Antipsychotic Side-effect Scale demonstrated satisfactory validity as a self-rated tool for antipsychotic side effects and may aid measurement-based care and decision-making.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/0269881120916122","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,5]],"date-time":"2020-06-05T06:07:36Z","timestamp":1591337256000},"page":"820-828","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Clinical validation of the self-reported Glasgow Antipsychotic Side-effect Scale using the clinician-rated UKU side-effect scale as gold standard 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Speed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Psychosis Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital \u2013 Psychiatry, Aarhus, Denmark"},{"name":"Bioinformatics Research Centre, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christoph U","family":"Correll","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Psychiatry Research, The Zucker Hillside Hospital, Glen Oaks, United States of America"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Molecular Medicine, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra\/Northwell, Hempstead, United States of America"},{"name":"Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Charit\u00e9 Universit\u00e4tsmedizin, Berlin, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ole","family":"Mors","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Psychosis Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital \u2013 Psychiatry, Aarhus, Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Clinical 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