{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]],"date-time":"2026-09-14T11:34:34Z","timestamp":1789385674516,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,7]],"date-time":"2022-04-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1649289600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"VENI","award":["916.19.074"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["916.19.074"]}]},{"name":"Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research and a Dutch Heart Foundation","award":["2018T025"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018T025"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Psychopharmacol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), commonly used antihypertensive drugs, may have a protective effect against depression in older individuals, but evidence in humans is limited.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We evaluated the risk of depression, among older individuals with hypertension, comparing ACE or ARB initiators to thiazide(-like) diuretic initiators. Thiazide(-like) diuretics were used as control because these drugs are not associated with mood disorders.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We used a propensity score-matched new user cohort design with routinely collected data from general practices in England from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink database. We matched 12,938 pairs of new users of ACEIs\/ARBs and thiazide(-like) diuretics with hypertension (mean age 67.6\u2009years; 54.7% women). Follow-up time started on the date of drug initiation and ended on the date of treatment discontinuation plus 30\u2009days, or switch to a comparator, occurrence of a study event, death, date of patient\u2019s transfer out of practice, or end of the study period. The primary outcome was a composite endpoint of treated depression and nonfatal and fatal self-harm.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results\/outcomes:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Compared to the thiazide(-like) diuretic group, ACEIs\/ARBs use was not associated with a lower risk of the primary outcome (hazard ratio 0.96 (95% confidence interval: 0.79; 1.15)). Results did not differ according to lipophilicity, duration of use, and average daily dose, or class (ACEIs or ARBs).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions\/Interpretation:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>New use of ACEIs or ARBs is not associated with a lower risk of depression among individuals with hypertension.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/02698811221082470","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,7]],"date-time":"2022-04-07T06:18:31Z","timestamp":1649312311000},"page":"594-603","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers and risk of depression among older people with hypertension"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"36","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2870-482X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thomas T","family":"van Sloten","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, The Netherlands"},{"name":"School for Cardiovascular Diseases (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patrick C","family":"Souverein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Clinical Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Coen DA","family":"Stehouwer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, The Netherlands"},{"name":"School for Cardiovascular Diseases (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Johanna HM","family":"Driessen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School for Cardiovascular Diseases (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Clinical Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Toxicology, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, The Netherlands"},{"name":"School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (NUTRIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-02698811221082470","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41371-020-0303-y"},{"key":"bibr2-02698811221082470","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-016-0720-5"},{"key":"bibr3-02698811221082470","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000129788.26346.18"},{"key":"bibr4-02698811221082470","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bimj.200810488"},{"key":"bibr5-02698811221082470","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14236\/jhi.v19i3.811"},{"key":"bibr6-02698811221082470","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.116.08188"},{"key":"bibr7-02698811221082470","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0004867417721654"},{"key":"bibr8-02698811221082470","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2019.08.075"},{"key":"bibr9-02698811221082470","first-page":"25","volume":"44","author":"Chevalier 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