{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T01:31:58Z","timestamp":1777858318738,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":73,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,15]],"date-time":"2023-03-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1678838400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Psychopharmacol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Bipolar disorder (BD) is a clinical risk factor for Alzheimer\u2019s disease (AD). Apolipoprotein E \u03b54 ( APOE \u03b54), a genetic risk factor for AD, has been associated with brain structure and neurocognition in healthy youth.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We evaluated whether there was an association between APOE \u03b54 with neurostructure and neurocognition in youth with BD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Participants included 150 youth (78 BD:19 \u03b54-carriers, 72 controls:17 \u03b54-carriers). 3T-magnetic resonance imaging yielded measures of cortical thickness, surface area, and volume. Regions-of-interest (ROI) and vertex-wise analyses of the cortex were conducted. Neurocognitive tests of attention and working memory were examined.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Vertex-wise analyses revealed clusters with a diagnosis-by- APOE \u03b54 interaction effect for surface area ( p\u2009=\u20090.002) and volume ( p\u2009=\u20090.046) in pars triangularis (BD \u03b54 -carriers\u2009&gt;\u2009BD noncarriers), and surface area ( p\u2009=\u20090.03) in superior frontal gyrus (controls \u03b54 -carriers\u2009&gt;\u2009other groups). ROI analyses were not significant. A significant interaction effect for working memory ( p\u2009=\u20090.001) appeared to be driven by nominally poorer performance in BD \u03b54 -carriers but not control \u03b54 -carriers; however, post hoc contrasts were not significant.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>APOE \u03b54 was associated with larger neurostructural metrics in BD and controls, however, the regional association of APOE \u03b54 with neurostructure differed between groups. The role of APOE \u03b54 on neurodevelopmental processes is a plausible explanation for the observed differences. Future studies should evaluate the association of APOE \u03b54 with pars triangularis and its neurofunctional implications among youth with BD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/02698811221147151","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,15]],"date-time":"2023-03-15T03:07:25Z","timestamp":1678849645000},"page":"408-419","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Neurostructural and neurocognitive correlates of\n                    <i>APOE<\/i>\n                    \u03b54 in youth bipolar disorder"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"37","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7147-9472","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Parnian","family":"Puramat","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Youth Bipolar Disorder, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto Faculty of Medicine, Toronto, ON, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mikaela K","family":"Dimick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Youth Bipolar Disorder, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto Faculty of Medicine, Toronto, ON, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4510-188X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kody G","family":"Kennedy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Youth Bipolar Disorder, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto Faculty of Medicine, Toronto, ON, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Clement C","family":"Zai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurogenetics Section and Tanenbaum Centre for Pharmacogenetics, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto Faculty of Medicine, Toronto, ON, Canada"},{"name":"Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada"},{"name":"Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"James L","family":"Kennedy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurogenetics Section and Tanenbaum Centre for Pharmacogenetics, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto Faculty of Medicine, Toronto, ON, Canada"},{"name":"Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bradley J","family":"MacIntosh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada"},{"name":"Hurvitz Brain Sciences, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Benjamin I","family":"Goldstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Youth Bipolar Disorder, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto Faculty of Medicine, Toronto, ON, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto Faculty of Medicine, Toronto, ON, Canada"},{"name":"Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, 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