{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,7]],"date-time":"2026-11-07T03:07:18Z","timestamp":1794020838798,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":90,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,20]],"date-time":"2024-09-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1726790400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Patrick Vernon"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100018382","name":"beckley foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100018382","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002848","name":"comisi\u00f3n nacional de investigaci\u00f3n cient\u00edfica y tecnol\u00f3gica","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002848","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Centre for Psychedelic Research"},{"name":"Institute of Cultural and Creative Industries"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Psychopharmacol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Non-ordinary states of consciousness induced by psychedelics can be accompanied by so-called \u201cpeak experiences,\u201d characterized at the emotional level by their intensity and positive valence. These experiences are strong predictors of positive outcomes following psychedelic-assisted therapy, and it is therefore important to better understand their biology. Despite growing evidence that the autonomic nervous system (ANS) plays an important role in mediating emotional experiences, its involvement in the psychedelic experience is poorly understood. The aim of this study was to investigate to what extent changes in the relative influence of the sympathetic (SNS) and parasympathetic nervous systems (PNS) over cardiac activity may reflect the subjective experience induced by the short-acting psychedelic N,N-Dimethyltryptamine (DMT).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We derived measures of SNS and PNS activity from the electrocardiograms of 17 participants (11 males, mean age\u2009=\u200933.8\u2009years, SD\u2009=\u20098.3) while they received either DMT or placebo.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Results show that the joint influence of SNS and PNS (\u201csympathovagal coactivation\u201d) over cardiac activity was positively related to participants\u2019 ratings of \u201cSpiritual Experience\u201d and \u201cInsightfulness\u201d during the DMT experience, while also being related to improved well-being scores 2\u2009weeks after the session. In addition, we found that the state of balance between the two ANS branches (\u201csympathovagal balance\u201d) before DMT injection predicted scores of \u201cInsightfulness\u201d during the DMT experience, as well as subsequent sympathovagal coactivation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These findings demonstrate the involvement of the ANS in psychedelic-induced peak experiences and may pave the way to the development of biofeedback-based tools to enhance psychedelic therapy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/02698811241276788","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,16]],"date-time":"2024-10-16T18:40:47Z","timestamp":1729104047000},"page":"887-896","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Autonomic nervous system activity 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