{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,18]],"date-time":"2026-10-18T01:00:25Z","timestamp":1792285225751,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,3]],"date-time":"2016-05-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1462233600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Cereb Blood Flow Metab"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Arterial spin labeling and phase contrast magnetic resonance imaging provide independent non-invasive methods for measuring cerebral blood flow. We compared global cerebral blood flow measurements obtained using pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling and phase contrast in 436 middle-aged subjects acquired at two sites in the NHLBI CARDIA multisite study. Cerebral blood flow measured by phase contrast (CBF\n                    <jats:sub>PC<\/jats:sub>\n                    : 55.76\u2009\u00b1\u200912.05\u2009ml\/100\u2009g\/min) was systematically higher ( p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001) and more variable than cerebral blood flow measured by pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling (CBF\n                    <jats:sub>PCASL<\/jats:sub>\n                    : 47.70\u2009\u00b1\u20099.75). The correlation between global cerebral blood flow values obtained from the two modalities was 0.59 ( p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), explaining less than half of the observed variance in cerebral blood flow estimates. Well-established correlations of global cerebral blood flow with age and sex were similarly observed in both CBF\n                    <jats:sub>PCASL<\/jats:sub>\n                    and CBF\n                    <jats:sub>PC<\/jats:sub>\n                    . CBF\n                    <jats:sub>PC<\/jats:sub>\n                    also demonstrated statistically significant site differences, whereas no such differences were observed in CBF\n                    <jats:sub>PCASL<\/jats:sub>\n                    . No consistent velocity-dependent effects on pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling were observed, suggesting that pseudo-continuous labeling efficiency does not vary substantially across typical adult carotid and vertebral velocities, as has previously been suggested. Conclusions: Although CBF\n                    <jats:sub>PCASL<\/jats:sub>\n                    and CBF\n                    <jats:sub>PC<\/jats:sub>\n                    values show substantial similarity across the entire cohort, these data do not support calibration of CBF\n                    <jats:sub>PCASL<\/jats:sub>\n                    using CBF\n                    <jats:sub>PC<\/jats:sub>\n                    in individual subjects. The wide-ranging cerebral blood flow values obtained by both methods suggest that cerebral blood flow values are highly variable in the general population.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0271678x16646124","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,3]],"date-time":"2016-05-03T21:20:04Z","timestamp":1462310404000},"page":"1244-1256","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":63,"title":["Comparison of non-invasive MRI measurements of cerebral blood flow in a large multisite cohort"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Sudipto","family":"Dolui","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA"},{"name":"Center for Functional Neuroimaging, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ze","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Cognition and Brain Disorders and the Affiliated Hospital, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China"},{"name":"Departments of Psychiatry and Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Danny JJ","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raghav","family":"Mattay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Raymond and Ruth Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mack","family":"Finkel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Arts and Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Elliott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisa","family":"Desiderio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ben","family":"Inglis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Henry H. Wheeler Jr. Brain Imaging Center, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bryon","family":"Mueller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"0Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Randall B","family":"Stafford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lenore J","family":"Launer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Science, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"suffix":"Jr","given":"David R","family":"Jacobs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R Nick","family":"Bryan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John A","family":"Detre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA"},{"name":"Center for Functional Neuroimaging, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0271678X16646124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jcbfm.2010.49"},{"key":"bibr2-0271678X16646124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplegacy.1945.143.1.53"},{"key":"bibr3-0271678X16646124","first-page":"782","volume":"24","author":"Herscovitch P","year":"1983","journal-title":"J Nucl Med"},{"key":"bibr4-0271678X16646124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ACO.0b013e3283445898"},{"key":"bibr5-0271678X16646124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/WCO.0b013e32832d9505"},{"key":"bibr6-0271678X16646124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.89.1.212"},{"key":"bibr7-0271678X16646124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.1910230106"},{"key":"bibr8-0271678X16646124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.1910250216"},{"key":"bibr9-0271678X16646124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nbm.1940070112"},{"key":"bibr10-0271678X16646124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004647-199611000-00019"},{"key":"bibr11-0271678X16646124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.1910400308"},{"key":"bibr12-0271678X16646124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.1910400303"},{"key":"bibr13-0271678X16646124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.25197"},{"key":"bibr14-0271678X16646124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.21790"},{"key":"bibr15-0271678X16646124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.22245"},{"key":"bibr16-0271678X16646124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.10133"},{"key":"bibr17-0271678X16646124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0730-725X(96)00092-6"},{"key":"bibr18-0271678X16646124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.22465"},{"key":"bibr19-0271678X16646124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2012.10.087"},{"key":"bibr20-0271678X16646124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/113.1.27"},{"key":"bibr21-0271678X16646124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jcbfm.1988.133"},{"key":"bibr22-0271678X16646124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.12111509"},{"key":"bibr23-0271678X16646124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mri.2007.07.003"},{"key":"bibr24-0271678X16646124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mri.2012.05.004"},{"key":"bibr25-0271678X16646124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang J, Zhang Y, Wolf RL, et al. Amplitude-modulated continuous arterial spin-labeling 3.0-T perfusion MR imaging with a single coil: Feasibility study.\n                      Radiology\n                      2005; 235: 218\u2013228.","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2351031663"},{"key":"bibr26-0271678X16646124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.20178"},{"key":"bibr27-0271678X16646124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.10370"},{"key":"bibr28-0271678X16646124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0045081"},{"key":"bibr29-0271678X16646124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn756"},{"key":"bibr30-0271678X16646124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.10288"},{"key":"bibr31-0271678X16646124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.1880050212"},{"key":"bibr32-0271678X16646124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0730-725X(94)91245-R"},{"key":"bibr33-0271678X16646124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiographics.22.3.g02ma11651"},{"key":"bibr34-0271678X16646124","first-page":"161","volume":"2","author":"Paulson OB","year":"1990","journal-title":"Cerebrovasc Brain Metabol Rev"},{"key":"bibr35-0271678X16646124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01407660"},{"key":"bibr36-0271678X16646124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jcbfm.1992.92"},{"issue":"1","key":"bibr37-0271678X16646124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"H233","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.1998.274.1.C82","volume":"274","author":"Zhang R","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"bibr38-0271678X16646124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMI.2008.2012020"},{"key":"bibr39-0271678X16646124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1522-2594(200009)44:3<450::AID-MRM16>3.0.CO;2-0"},{"key":"bibr40-0271678X16646124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nbm.1462"},{"key":"bibr41-0271678X16646124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jcbfm.2014.92"},{"key":"bibr42-0271678X16646124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.22345"},{"key":"bibr43-0271678X16646124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.24113"}],"container-title":["Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow &amp; Metabolism"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0271678X16646124","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/0271678X16646124","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0271678X16646124","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T20:13:07Z","timestamp":1777493587000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/0271678X16646124"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,3]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/0271678X16646124"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0271678x16646124","relation":{},"ISSN":["0271-678X","1559-7016"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0271-678X","type":"print"},{"value":"1559-7016","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,3]]}}}