{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T04:50:29Z","timestamp":1789102229370,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,20]],"date-time":"2016-07-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1468972800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Cereb Blood Flow Metab"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    The inability to quantify cerebral blood flow and changes in macrocirculation cross-sectional area in all brain regions impedes robust insight into hypoxic cerebral blood flow control. We applied four-dimensional flow magnetic resonance imaging to quantify cerebral blood flow (ml\u2009\u2022\u2009min\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    ) and cross-sectional area (mm\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    ) simultaneously in 11 arteries. In healthy adults, blood pressure, O\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    Saturation (SpO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    ), and end-tidal CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    were measured at baseline and steady-state hypoxia (FiO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    = 0.11). We investigated left and right: internal carotid, vertebral, middle, anterior, posterior cerebral arteries, and basilar artery. Hypoxia (SpO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    = 80\u00b12%) increased total cerebral blood flow from 621\u00b138 to 742\u00b150\u2009ml\u2009\u2022\u2009min\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    ( p\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). Hypoxia increased cerebral blood flow, except in the right posterior cerebral arteries. Hypoxia increased cross-sectional area in the anterior arteries (left and right internal carotid arteries, left and right middle, p\u2009&lt;\u20090.05; left and right anterior p = 0.08) but only the right vertebral artery of the posterior circulation. Nonetheless, relative cerebral blood flow distribution and vascular reactivity (\u0394%cerebral blood flow\u2009\u2022\u2009\u0394SpO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    ) were not different between arteries. Collectively, moderate hypoxia: (1) increased cerebral blood flow, but relative distribution remains similar to normoxia, (2) evokes similar vascular reactivity between 11 arteries, and (3) increased cross-sectional area primarily in the anterior arteries. This study provides the first wide-ranging, quantitative, functional and structural data regarding intracranial arteries during hypoxia in humans, highlighting cerebral blood flow regulation of microcirculation and macrocirculation differs between anterior and posterior circulation.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0271678x16659497","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,12]],"date-time":"2016-07-12T21:53:27Z","timestamp":1468360407000},"page":"2025-2034","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["Regional hypoxic cerebral vasodilation facilitated by diameter changes primarily in anterior versus posterior circulation"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"J","family":"Mikhail Kellawan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Kinesiology, University of Wisconsin \u2013 Madison, WI, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John W","family":"Harrell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Kinesiology, University of Wisconsin \u2013 Madison, WI, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alejandro","family":"Roldan-Alzate","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin \u2013 Madison, WI, USA"},{"name":"Departments of Radiology, University of Wisconsin \u2013 Madison, WI, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oliver","family":"Wieben","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin \u2013 Madison, WI, USA"},{"name":"Departments of Radiology, University of Wisconsin \u2013 Madison, WI, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William G","family":"Schrage","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of 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