{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T01:50:55Z","timestamp":1787881855225,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,1]],"date-time":"2016-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1451606400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Cereb Blood Flow Metab"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Diffusion-weighted arterial spin labeling magnetic resonance imaging has recently been proposed to quantify the rate of water exchange (K\n                    <jats:sub>w<\/jats:sub>\n                    ) across the blood\u2013brain barrier in humans. This study aimed to evaluate the blood\u2013brain barrier disruption in transient (60\u2009min) ischemic stroke using K\n                    <jats:sub>w<\/jats:sub>\n                    magnetic resonance imaging with cross-validation by dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging and Evans blue histology in the same rats. The major findings were: (i) at 90\u2009min after stroke (30\u2009min after reperfusion), group K\n                    <jats:sub>w<\/jats:sub>\n                    magnetic resonance imaging data showed no significant blood\u2013brain barrier permeability changes, although a few animals showed slightly abnormal K\n                    <jats:sub>w<\/jats:sub>\n                    . Dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging confirmed this finding in the same animals. (ii) At two days after stroke, K\n                    <jats:sub>w<\/jats:sub>\n                    magnetic resonance imaging revealed significant blood\u2013brain barrier disruption. Regions with abnormal K\n                    <jats:sub>w<\/jats:sub>\n                    showed substantial overlap with regions of hyperintense T\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    (vasogenic edema) and hyperperfusion. Dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging and Evans blue histology confirmed these findings in the same animals. The K\n                    <jats:sub>w<\/jats:sub>\n                    values in the normal contralesional hemisphere and the ipsilesional ischemic core two days after stroke were: 363\u2009\u00b1\u200917 and 261\u2009\u00b1\u200918\u2009min\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    , respectively (P\u2009&lt;\u20090.05, n\u2009=\u20099). K\n                    <jats:sub>w<\/jats:sub>\n                    magnetic resonance imaging is sensitive to blood\u2013brain barrier permeability changes in stroke, consistent with dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging and Evans blue extravasation. K\n                    <jats:sub>w<\/jats:sub>\n                    magnetic resonance imaging offers advantages over existing techniques because contrast agent is not needed and repeated measurements can be made for longitudinal monitoring or averaging.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0271678x16673385","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,14]],"date-time":"2016-10-14T21:50:57Z","timestamp":1476481857000},"page":"2706-2715","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":55,"title":["Magnetic resonance imaging of blood\u2013brain barrier permeability in ischemic stroke using diffusion-weighted arterial spin labeling in rats"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"Yash V","family":"Tiwari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Imaging Institute, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, USA"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at San Antonio, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianfei","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Imaging Institute, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, USA"},{"name":"Department of Anatomy and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiang","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Imaging Institute, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bianca","family":"Cerqueira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Imaging Institute, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, USA"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at San Antonio, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Timothy Q","family":"Duong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Imaging Institute, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0271678X16673385","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000000350"},{"key":"bibr2-0271678X16673385","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.110.612358"},{"key":"bibr3-0271678X16673385","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000023534.37670.F7"},{"key":"bibr4-0271678X16673385","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000014619.59851.65"},{"key":"bibr5-0271678X16673385","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.107.491621"},{"key":"bibr6-0271678X16673385","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A1774"},{"key":"bibr7-0271678X16673385","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.107.505420"},{"key":"bibr8-0271678X16673385","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2503080257"},{"key":"bibr9-0271678X16673385","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0001-2998(05)80022-4"},{"key":"bibr10-0271678X16673385","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9781139193481"},{"key":"bibr11-0271678X16673385","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.10524"},{"key":"bibr12-0271678X16673385","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2006.07.116"},{"key":"bibr13-0271678X16673385","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nic.2011.01.004"},{"key":"bibr14-0271678X16673385","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2014.09.002"},{"key":"bibr15-0271678X16673385","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0114173"},{"key":"bibr16-0271678X16673385","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nbm.3536"},{"key":"bibr17-0271678X16673385","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jcbfm.9600398"},{"key":"bibr18-0271678X16673385","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.23104"},{"key":"bibr19-0271678X16673385","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jon.12288"},{"key":"bibr20-0271678X16673385","unstructured":"Tiwari YV, Huang L, Shen Q, et\u00a0al. 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