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For this to occur, dilation of nearby arterioles must be coordinated with the dilation of larger upstream feeding arteries. As it stands, the exact spatial extent of such dilation in humans is unknown. Using non-invasive time-of-flight magnetic resonance angiography in healthy participants, we developed an automatic methodology for reconstructing cerebral arterial vessels and quantifying their diameter on a voxel-by-voxel basis. Specifically, we isolated the posterior cerebral artery (PCA) supplying each occipital lobe and quantified its vasodilation induced by visual stimulation. Stimulus-induced changes were strongest (\u223c30%) near primary visual cortex and progressively decreased in a non-linear fashion as a function of distance. Surprisingly, weak \u2013 albeit significant \u2013 changes (\u223c2%) were observed \u223c70\u2009mm from the visual cortex. This demonstrates that visual stimulation modulates vascular tone along the bulk of the PCA segment, and thus may have important implications for our understanding of functional hyperemia in healthy and diseased states.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0271678x17701948","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,31]],"date-time":"2017-03-31T06:23:51Z","timestamp":1490941431000},"page":"528-539","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["Stimulus-evoked changes in cerebral vessel diameter: A study in healthy humans"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"38","author":[{"given":"Alexandre","family":"Bizeau","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nuclear Medicine and Radiobiology, Universit\u00e9 de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada"},{"name":"Molecular Imagery Center of Sherbrooke (CIMS), Clinical Research Center (CRC) of Sherbrooke University Hospital Center (CHUS), Sherbrooke, QC, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guillaume","family":"Gilbert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MR Clinical Science, Philips Healthcare, Markham, ON, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Micha\u00ebl","family":"Bernier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nuclear Medicine and Radiobiology, Universit\u00e9 de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada"},{"name":"Molecular Imagery Center of Sherbrooke (CIMS), Clinical Research Center (CRC) of Sherbrooke University Hospital Center (CHUS), Sherbrooke, QC, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Minh Tung","family":"Huynh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Universit\u00e9 de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Bocti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, and Research Center on Aging, Universit\u00e9 de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maxime","family":"Descoteaux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Imagery Center of Sherbrooke (CIMS), Clinical Research Center (CRC) of Sherbrooke University Hospital Center (CHUS), Sherbrooke, QC, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Computer Science, Universit\u00e9 de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kevin","family":"Whittingstall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nuclear Medicine and Radiobiology, Universit\u00e9 de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada"},{"name":"Molecular Imagery Center of Sherbrooke (CIMS), Clinical Research Center (CRC) of Sherbrooke University Hospital Center (CHUS), Sherbrooke, QC, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Universit\u00e9 de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0271678X17701948","unstructured":"Clarke DD and Sokoloff L. 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