{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,3]],"date-time":"2026-05-03T07:57:03Z","timestamp":1777795023522,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,17]],"date-time":"2018-04-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1523923200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Cereb Blood Flow Metab"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    We developed and validated a method to estimate input functions for determination of regional rates of cerebral protein synthesis (rCPS) with L-[1-\n                    <jats:sup>11<\/jats:sup>\n                    C]leucine PET without arterial sampling. The method is based on a population-derived input function (PDIF) approach, with venous samples for calibration. Population input functions were constructed from arterial blood data measured in 25 healthy 18\u201324-year-old males who underwent L-[1-\n                    <jats:sup>11<\/jats:sup>\n                    C]leucine PET scans while awake. To validate the approach, three additional groups of 18\u201327-year-old males underwent L-[1-\n                    <jats:sup>11<\/jats:sup>\n                    C]leucine PET scans with both arterial and venous blood sampling: 13 awake healthy volunteers, 10 sedated healthy volunteers, and 5 sedated subjects with fragile X syndrome. Rate constants of the L-[1-\n                    <jats:sup>11<\/jats:sup>\n                    C]leucine kinetic model were estimated voxel-wise with measured arterial input functions and with venous-calibrated PDIFs. Venous plasma leucine measurements were used with venous-calibrated PDIFs for rCPS computation. rCPS determined with PDIFs calibrated with 30\u201360\u2009min venous samples had small errors (RMSE: 4\u20139%), and no statistically significant differences were found in any group when compared to rCPS determined with arterial input functions. We conclude that in young adult males, PDIFs calibrated with 30\u201360\u2009min venous samples can be used in place of arterial input functions for determination of rCPS with L-[1-\n                    <jats:sup>11<\/jats:sup>\n                    C]leucine PET.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0271678x18771242","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,17]],"date-time":"2018-04-17T10:38:16Z","timestamp":1523961496000},"page":"1849-1863","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Substitution of venous for arterial blood sampling in the determination of regional rates of cerebral protein synthesis with L-[1-\n                    <sup>11<\/sup>\n                    C]leucine PET: A validation study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"Giampaolo","family":"Tomasi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Section on Neuroadaptation & Protein Metabolism, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mattia","family":"Veronese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroimaging, IoPPN, King\u2019s College London, London, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alessandra","family":"Bertoldo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Information Engineering, University of Padova, Padova, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carolyn B","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section on Neuroadaptation & Protein Metabolism, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kathleen C","family":"Schmidt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section on Neuroadaptation & Protein Metabolism, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0271678X18771242","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/4233.908397"},{"key":"bibr2-0271678X18771242","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jcbfm.2009.245"},{"key":"bibr3-0271678X18771242","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2007.10.022"},{"key":"bibr4-0271678X18771242","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2012.04.047"},{"key":"bibr5-0271678X18771242","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2012.08.007"},{"key":"bibr6-0271678X18771242","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004647-199807000-00002"},{"key":"bibr7-0271678X18771242","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s002590050474"},{"key":"bibr8-0271678X18771242","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jcbfm.1986.27"},{"key":"bibr9-0271678X18771242","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2967\/jnumed.109.065243"},{"key":"bibr10-0271678X18771242","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s004240050772"},{"key":"bibr11-0271678X18771242","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jcbfm.1985.87"},{"key":"bibr12-0271678X18771242","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jcbfm.1983.1"},{"key":"bibr13-0271678X18771242","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0969-8051(00)00137-2"},{"key":"bibr14-0271678X18771242","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jcbfm.2011.107"},{"key":"bibr15-0271678X18771242","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jcbfm.9600067"},{"key":"bibr16-0271678X18771242","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jcbfm.2009.52"},{"key":"bibr17-0271678X18771242","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jcbfm.2008.43"},{"key":"bibr18-0271678X18771242","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jcbfm.2010.26"},{"key":"bibr19-0271678X18771242","first-page":"3281","volume":"5","author":"Carson RE","year":"2003","journal-title":"IEEE Nucl Sci Symp Conf Record"},{"key":"bibr20-0271678X18771242","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/0031-9155\/48\/8\/301"},{"key":"bibr21-0271678X18771242","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-18890-x"},{"key":"bibr22-0271678X18771242","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jcbfm.2012.27"},{"key":"bibr23-0271678X18771242","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tomasi G, Veronese M, Bertoldo A, et\u00a0al. Effects of shortened scanning intervals on calculated regional rates of cerebral protein synthesis determined with the L-[1-\n                      11\n                      C]leucine PET method.\n                      PLoS One\n                      . Epub ahead of print 16 April 2018. 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