{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,26]],"date-time":"2026-10-26T10:50:36Z","timestamp":1793011836106,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,13]],"date-time":"2018-07-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1531440000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Cereb Blood Flow Metab"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Repetitive mild traumatic brain injury during adolescence can induce neurological dysfunction through undefined mechanisms. Interleukin-1 (IL-1) contributes to experimental adult diffuse and contusion TBI models, and IL-1 antagonists have entered clinical trials for severe TBI in adults; however, no such data exist for adolescent TBI. We developed an adolescent mouse repetitive closed head injury (rCHI) model to test the role of IL-1 family members in post-injury neurological outcome. Compared to one CHI, three daily injuries (3HD) produced acute and chronic learning deficits and emergence of hyperactivity, without detectable gliosis, neurodegeneration, brain atrophy, and white matter loss at one year. Mature IL-1\u03b2 and IL-18 were induced in brain endothelium in 3HD but not 1HD, three hit weekly, or sham animals. IL-1\u03b2 processing was induced cell-autonomously in three-dimensional human endothelial cell cultures subjected to in\u00a0vitro concussive trauma. Mice deficient in IL-1 receptor-1 or caspase-1 had improved post-injury Morris water maze performance. Repetitive mild CHI in adolescent mice may induce behavioral deficits in the absence of significant histopathology. The endothelium is a potential source of IL-1\u03b2 and IL-18 in rCHI, and IL-1 family members may be therapeutic targets to reduce or prevent neurological dysfunction after repetitive mild TBI in adolescents.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0271678x18786633","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,13]],"date-time":"2018-07-13T04:33:31Z","timestamp":1531456411000},"page":"2196-2209","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Repetitive head injury in adolescent mice: A role for vascular inflammation"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"Limin","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroscience Center, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joon Y","family":"Chung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroscience Center, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shivani","family":"Saith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroscience Center, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lorenzo","family":"Tozzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erin M","family":"Buckley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bharat","family":"Sanders","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria A","family":"Franceschini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sevda","family":"Lule","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroscience Center, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saef","family":"Izzy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Josephine","family":"Lok","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroscience Center, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"suffix":"III","given":"William J","family":"Edmiston","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroscience Center, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lauren M","family":"McAllister","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroscience Center, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sloane","family":"Mebane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroscience Center, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gina","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroscience Center, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiaxi","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroscience Center, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John S","family":"Sherwood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroscience Center, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Willwerth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroscience Center, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suzanne","family":"Hickman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph El","family":"Khoury","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eng H","family":"Lo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Kaplan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael J","family":"Whalen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroscience Center, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0271678X18786633","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2015-4635"},{"key":"bibr2-0271678X18786633","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02699050801888824"},{"key":"bibr3-0271678X18786633","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0317167100007745"},{"key":"bibr4-0271678X18786633","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0883073814543305"},{"key":"bibr5-0271678X18786633","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2009-0925"},{"key":"bibr6-0271678X18786633","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1355617709991007"},{"key":"bibr7-0271678X18786633","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/02699052.2012.654590"},{"key":"bibr8-0271678X18786633","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.2004.014811"},{"key":"bibr9-0271678X18786633","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2014.3822"},{"key":"bibr10-0271678X18786633","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2017.5145"},{"key":"bibr11-0271678X18786633","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/tp.2017.197"},{"key":"bibr12-0271678X18786633","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2016.4413"},{"key":"bibr13-0271678X18786633","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2017.5042"},{"key":"bibr14-0271678X18786633","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2016.4457"},{"key":"bibr15-0271678X18786633","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2012.2399"},{"key":"bibr16-0271678X18786633","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000448089"},{"key":"bibr17-0271678X18786633","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2017.07.010"},{"key":"bibr18-0271678X18786633","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jcbfm.2010.172"},{"key":"bibr19-0271678X18786633","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.23858"},{"key":"bibr20-0271678X18786633","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jcbfm.2014.113"},{"key":"bibr21-0271678X18786633","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-cellbio-101011-155745"},{"key":"bibr22-0271678X18786633","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2009.03.020"},{"key":"bibr23-0271678X18786633","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jcbfm.2010.142"},{"key":"bibr24-0271678X18786633","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.2009.06820.x"},{"key":"bibr25-0271678X18786633","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.2011.07723.x"},{"key":"bibr26-0271678X18786633","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0982-17.2017"},{"key":"bibr27-0271678X18786633","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ejn.13190"},{"key":"bibr28-0271678X18786633","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00702-017-1732-9"},{"key":"bibr29-0271678X18786633","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21236\/AD0666837"},{"key":"bibr30-0271678X18786633","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jcbfm.2015.161"},{"key":"bibr31-0271678X18786633","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9440(10)64293-9"},{"key":"bibr32-0271678X18786633","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2011.379"},{"key":"bibr33-0271678X18786633","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1324214111"},{"key":"bibr34-0271678X18786633","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2017-098065"},{"key":"bibr35-0271678X18786633","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1227\/01.NEU.0000279969.02685.D0"},{"key":"bibr36-0271678X18786633","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2015.11.001"},{"key":"bibr37-0271678X18786633","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0361-9230(94)90013-2"},{"key":"bibr38-0271678X18786633","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.chi.0000173292.05817.f8"},{"key":"bibr39-0271678X18786633","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2015.03.010"},{"key":"bibr40-0271678X18786633","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/aws307"},{"key":"bibr41-0271678X18786633","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3182a55f7f"},{"key":"bibr42-0271678X18786633","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneurol.2013.29"},{"key":"bibr43-0271678X18786633","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000316800"},{"key":"bibr44-0271678X18786633","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40478-017-0483-z"},{"key":"bibr45-0271678X18786633","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.csm.2017.05.002"},{"key":"bibr46-0271678X18786633","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2017.02.017"},{"key":"bibr47-0271678X18786633","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/089771503767168465"},{"key":"bibr48-0271678X18786633","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/acn3.441"},{"key":"bibr49-0271678X18786633","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2017.5237"},{"key":"bibr50-0271678X18786633","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2016.4634"},{"key":"bibr51-0271678X18786633","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2010.1512"},{"key":"bibr52-0271678X18786633","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/2015.6.JNS15972"},{"key":"bibr53-0271678X18786633","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2013.10.008"}],"container-title":["Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow &amp; Metabolism"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0271678X18786633","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/0271678X18786633","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0271678X18786633","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T20:15:50Z","timestamp":1777493750000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/0271678X18786633"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,13]]},"references-count":53,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/0271678X18786633"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0271678x18786633","relation":{},"ISSN":["0271-678X","1559-7016"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0271-678X","type":"print"},{"value":"1559-7016","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,13]]}}}