{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T02:06:06Z","timestamp":1787018766791,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,8]],"date-time":"2019-05-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1557273600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Cereb Blood Flow Metab"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Translation of many non-invasive hemodynamic MRI methods to cerebrovascular disease patients has been hampered by well-known artifacts associated with delayed blood arrival times and reduced microvascular compliance. Using machine learning and support vector machine (SVM) algorithms, we investigated whether arrival time-related artifacts in these methods could be exploited as novel contrast sources to discriminate angiographically confirmed stenotic flow territories. Intracranial steno-occlusive moyamoya patients ( n\u2009=\u200953; age\u2009=\u200945\u2009\u00b1\u200914.2 years; sex\u2009=\u200943 F) underwent (i) catheter angiography, (ii) anatomical MRI, (iii) cerebral blood flow (CBF)-weighted arterial spin labeling, and (iv) cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR)-weighted hypercapnic blood-oxygenation-level-dependent MRI. Mean, standard deviation (std), and 99th percentile of CBF, CVR, CVR\n                    <jats:sub>Delay<\/jats:sub>\n                    , and CVR\n                    <jats:sub>Max<\/jats:sub>\n                    were calculated in major anterior and posterior flow territories perfused by vessels with vs. without stenosis (\u226570%) confirmed by catheter angiography. These and demographic variables were input into SVMs to evaluate discriminatory capacity for stenotic flow territories using k-fold cross-validation and receiver-operating-characteristic-area-under-the-curve to quantify variable combination relevance. Anterior circulation CBF-std, attributable to heterogeneous endovascular signal and prolonged arterial transit times, was the best performing single variable and CVR\n                    <jats:sub>Delay<\/jats:sub>\n                    -mean and CBF-std, both reflective of delayed vascular compliance, were a high-performing two-variable combination (specificity\u2009=\u20090.67; sensitivity\u2009=\u20090.75). Findings highlight the relevance of hemodynamic imaging and machine learning for identifying cerebrovascular impairment.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0271678x19848098","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,9]],"date-time":"2019-05-09T00:58:00Z","timestamp":1557363480000},"page":"705-719","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Classifying intracranial stenosis disease severity from functional MRI data using machine learning"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Spencer L","family":"Waddle","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meher R","family":"Juttukonda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah K","family":"Lants","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Larry T","family":"Davis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rohan","family":"Chitale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew R","family":"Fusco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lori C","family":"Jordan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manus J","family":"Donahue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA"},{"name":"Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0271678X19848098","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2013.06.017"},{"key":"bibr2-0271678X19848098","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.111.639773"},{"key":"bibr3-0271678X19848098","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.283.16.2122"},{"key":"bibr4-0271678X19848098","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.10091262"},{"key":"bibr5-0271678X19848098","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11604-010-0507-0"},{"key":"bibr6-0271678X19848098","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/neuros\/nyx635"},{"key":"bibr7-0271678X19848098","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.117.017773"},{"key":"bibr8-0271678X19848098","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A4758"},{"key":"bibr9-0271678X19848098","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0271678X15608643"},{"key":"bibr10-0271678X19848098","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0271678X16651088"},{"key":"bibr11-0271678X19848098","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2009.05.026"},{"key":"bibr12-0271678X19848098","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jcbfm.2013.194"},{"key":"bibr13-0271678X19848098","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0271678X16636393"},{"key":"bibr14-0271678X19848098","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000221787.70503.ca"},{"key":"bibr15-0271678X19848098","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMI.2016.2538465"},{"key":"bibr16-0271678X19848098","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-2010-1322"},{"key":"bibr17-0271678X19848098","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/1516-4446-2016-2083"},{"key":"bibr18-0271678X19848098","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2016152703"},{"key":"bibr19-0271678X19848098","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2018.06.030"},{"key":"bibr20-0271678X19848098","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2014.08.023"},{"key":"bibr21-0271678X19848098","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TBME.2008.926671"},{"key":"bibr22-0271678X19848098","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00994018"},{"key":"bibr23-0271678X19848098","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.24070"},{"key":"bibr24-0271678X19848098","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.21790"},{"key":"bibr25-0271678X19848098","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.114.005975"},{"key":"bibr26-0271678X19848098","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jcbfm.2015.168"},{"key":"bibr27-0271678X19848098","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1105335"},{"key":"bibr28-0271678X19848098","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2009.06.060"},{"key":"bibr29-0271678X19848098","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.25268"},{"key":"bibr30-0271678X19848098","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.10211"},{"key":"bibr31-0271678X19848098","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.20178"},{"key":"bibr32-0271678X19848098","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.25197"},{"key":"bibr33-0271678X19848098","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0271678X16683690"},{"key":"bibr34-0271678X19848098","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.111.616466"},{"key":"bibr35-0271678X19848098","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2008.10.055"},{"key":"bibr36-0271678X19848098","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra0804622"},{"key":"bibr37-0271678X19848098","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000120312.26163.EC"},{"key":"bibr38-0271678X19848098","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.111.635995"},{"key":"bibr39-0271678X19848098","first-page":"1889","volume":"6","author":"Fan RE","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Mach Learn Res"},{"key":"bibr40-0271678X19848098","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(1950)3:1<32::AID-CNCR2820030106>3.0.CO;2-3"},{"key":"bibr41-0271678X19848098","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.4509"},{"key":"bibr42-0271678X19848098","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bimj.200410135"},{"key":"bibr43-0271678X19848098","first-page":"1137","volume":"2","author":"Kohavi R","year":"1995","journal-title":"Int Joint Conf Artif Intell"},{"key":"bibr44-0271678X19848098","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0271678X18781667"},{"key":"bibr45-0271678X19848098","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.27580"},{"key":"bibr46-0271678X19848098","author":"Liu P","journal-title":"In: Proceedings of the 26th International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine,"},{"key":"bibr47-0271678X19848098","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0088225"},{"key":"bibr48-0271678X19848098","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1009715923555"},{"key":"bibr49-0271678X19848098","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature14539"},{"key":"bibr50-0271678X19848098","author":"Niu Y","journal-title":"In: Proceedings of the 26th International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine,"},{"key":"bibr51-0271678X19848098","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2014.12.061"},{"key":"bibr52-0271678X19848098","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ho TK. Random decision forests. In:\n                      Proceedings of 3rd international converence on document analysis and recognition\n                      , Montreal, Canada, August 1995, Vol.1, pp.278\u2013282. Washington DC, USA: IEEE Computer Society.","DOI":"10.1109\/ICDAR.1995.598994"},{"key":"bibr53-0271678X19848098","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2014.04.056"},{"key":"bibr54-0271678X19848098","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.22354"}],"container-title":["Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow &amp; Metabolism"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0271678X19848098","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/0271678X19848098","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0271678X19848098","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T20:16:24Z","timestamp":1777493784000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/0271678X19848098"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,8]]},"references-count":54,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/0271678X19848098"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0271678x19848098","relation":{},"ISSN":["0271-678X","1559-7016"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0271-678X","type":"print"},{"value":"1559-7016","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,8]]}}}