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Mainly considered as a waste product in the past, lactate, in addition to glucose, is increasingly admitted as a supplementary fuel for neurons and, more recently, as a signaling molecule in the brain. Our aim was to investigate the neuroprotective effect of lactate in a neonatal (seven day old) rat model of hypoxia-ischemia. Pups received intra-peritoneal injection(s) of lactate (40\u2009\u03bcmol). Size and apparent diffusion coefficients of brain lesions were assessed by magnetic resonance diffusion-weighted imaging. Oxiblot analyses and long-term behavioral studies were also conducted. A single lactate injection induced a 30% reduction in brain lesion volume, indicating a rapid and efficient neuroprotective effect. When oxamate, a lactate dehydrogenase inhibitor, was co-injected with lactate, the neuroprotection was completely abolished, highlighting the role of lactate metabolism in this protection. After three lactate injections (one per day), pups presented the smallest brain lesion volume and a complete recovery of neurological reflexes, sensorimotor capacities and long-term memory, demonstrating that lactate administration is a promising therapy for neonatal HI insult.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0271678x20908355","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,24]],"date-time":"2020-03-24T22:27:20Z","timestamp":1585088840000},"page":"342-358","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":108,"title":["Neuroprotective role of lactate in rat neonatal hypoxia-ischemia"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"H\u00e9l\u00e8ne","family":"Roumes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre de R\u00e9sonance Magn\u00e9tique des Syst\u00e8mes Biologiques, UMR5536, CNRS\/Universit\u00e9 de Bordeaux, Bordeaux Cedex, 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