{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,16]],"date-time":"2026-07-16T14:34:02Z","timestamp":1784212442976,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,13]],"date-time":"2020-03-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1584057600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Cereb Blood Flow Metab"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Clinical evidence shows vascular factors may co-occur and complicate the expression of Alzheimer\u2019s disease (AD); yet, the pathologic mechanisms and involvement of different compartments of the vascular network are not well understood. Diseases such as arteriosclerosis diminish vascular compliance and will lead to arterial stiffness, a well-established risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity. Arterial stiffness can be assessed using pulse wave velocity (PWV); however, this is usually done from carotid-to-femoral artery ratios. To probe the brain vasculature, intracranial PWV measures would be ideal. In this study, high temporal resolution 4D flow MRI was used to assess transcranial PWV in 160 subjects including AD, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), healthy controls, and healthy subjects with apolipoprotein \u025b4 positivity (APOE4+) and parental history of AD dementia (FH+). High temporal resolution imaging was achieved by high temporal binning of retrospectively gated data using a local-low rank approach. Significantly higher transcranial PWV in AD dementia and MCI subjects was found when compared to old-age-matched controls (AD vs. old-age-matched controls: P\u2009&lt;0.001, AD vs. MCI: P\u2009=\u20090.029, MCI vs. old-age-matched controls P\u2009=\u20090.013). Furthermore, vascular changes were found in clinically healthy middle-age adults with APOE4+ and FH+ indicating significantly higher transcranial PWV compared to controls ( P\u2009&lt;0.001).<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0271678x20910302","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,14]],"date-time":"2020-03-14T01:47:08Z","timestamp":1584150428000},"page":"298-311","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":58,"title":["Assessment of vascular stiffness in the internal carotid artery proximal to the carotid canal in Alzheimer\u2019s disease using pulse wave velocity from low rank reconstructed 4D flow MRI"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"Leonardo A","family":"Rivera-Rivera","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karly A","family":"Cody","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Alzheimer\u2019s Disease Research Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Eisenmenger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Cary","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Alzheimer\u2019s Disease Research Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Howard A","family":"Rowley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Alzheimer\u2019s Disease Research Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA"},{"name":"Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cynthia M","family":"Carlsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Alzheimer\u2019s Disease Research Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA"},{"name":"Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sterling C","family":"Johnson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Alzheimer\u2019s Disease Research Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA"},{"name":"Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kevin M","family":"Johnson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA"},{"name":"Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0271678X20910302","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-014-0206-2"},{"key":"bibr2-0271678X20910302","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2018.06.002"},{"key":"bibr3-0271678X20910302","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(04)15900-X"},{"key":"bibr4-0271678X20910302","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2017.3090"},{"key":"bibr5-0271678X20910302","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2018.07.222"},{"key":"bibr6-0271678X20910302","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(13)70124-8"},{"key":"bibr7-0271678X20910302","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.117.016996"},{"key":"bibr8-0271678X20910302","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Vikner T, Nyberg L, Holmgren M, et al. Characterizing pulsatility in distal cerebral arteries using 4D flow MRI.\n                      J Cereb Blood Flow Metab\n                      , Epub ahead of print 13 November 2019. DOI: 10.1177\/0271678X19886667","DOI":"10.1177\/0271678X19886667"},{"key":"bibr9-0271678X20910302","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.23632"},{"key":"bibr10-0271678X20910302","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.26564"},{"key":"bibr11-0271678X20910302","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dadm.2015.09.005"},{"key":"bibr12-0271678X20910302","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0271678X16661340"},{"key":"bibr13-0271678X20910302","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0271678X15617171"},{"key":"bibr14-0271678X20910302","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13239-018-00377-z"},{"key":"bibr15-0271678X20910302","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.23877"},{"key":"bibr16-0271678X20910302","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehl254"},{"key":"bibr17-0271678X20910302","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000005259"},{"key":"bibr18-0271678X20910302","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2014.186"},{"key":"bibr19-0271678X20910302","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.25.4.464"},{"key":"bibr20-0271678X20910302","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0406073101"},{"key":"bibr21-0271678X20910302","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5551\/jat.33555"},{"key":"bibr22-0271678X20910302","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.24470"},{"key":"bibr23-0271678X20910302","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12968-018-0499-y"},{"key":"bibr24-0271678X20910302","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12968-015-0174-5"},{"key":"bibr25-0271678X20910302","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-017-4862-4"},{"key":"bibr26-0271678X20910302","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/21681163.2017.1278619"},{"key":"bibr27-0271678X20910302","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A2240"},{"key":"bibr28-0271678X20910302","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.27137"},{"key":"bibr29-0271678X20910302","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Trzasko JD, Manduca A. Calibrationless parallel MRI using CLEAR. In:\n                      2011 conference record of the forty fifth Asilomar conference on signals, systems and computers (ASILOMAR)\n                      , Pacific Grove, CA, USA, 6\u20139 November 2011, pp.75\u201379. Piscataway, NJ: IEEE.","DOI":"10.1109\/ACSSC.2011.6189958"},{"key":"bibr30-0271678X20910302","first-page":"130","volume":"10","author":"Johnson SC","year":"2017","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement"},{"key":"bibr31-0271678X20910302","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2018.02.018"},{"key":"bibr32-0271678X20910302","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.34.7.939"},{"key":"bibr33-0271678X20910302","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2011.03.005"},{"key":"bibr34-0271678X20910302","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2011.03.008"},{"key":"bibr35-0271678X20910302","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2011.03.003"},{"key":"bibr36-0271678X20910302","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.22202"},{"key":"bibr37-0271678X20910302","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.21763"},{"key":"bibr38-0271678X20910302","first-page":"743","volume":"26","author":"Gu T","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"bibr39-0271678X20910302","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.25.2.318"},{"key":"bibr40-0271678X20910302","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2012.04.006"},{"key":"bibr41-0271678X20910302","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1522-2594(199911)42:5<952::AID-MRM16>3.0.CO;2-S"},{"key":"bibr42-0271678X20910302","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.24751"},{"key":"bibr43-0271678X20910302","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000206440.48756.f7"},{"key":"bibr44-0271678X20910302","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.24900"},{"key":"bibr45-0271678X20910302","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12028-012-9672-6"},{"key":"bibr46-0271678X20910302","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000181771.82518.1c"},{"key":"bibr47-0271678X20910302","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trci.2019.02.001"},{"key":"bibr48-0271678X20910302","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-fluid-010313-141309"},{"key":"bibr49-0271678X20910302","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2007.07.015"},{"key":"bibr50-0271678X20910302","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2019.06.004"},{"key":"bibr51-0271678X20910302","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.118.022516"},{"key":"bibr52-0271678X20910302","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-170402"},{"key":"bibr53-0271678X20910302","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-013-1145-2"},{"key":"bibr54-0271678X20910302","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/CS20160381"},{"key":"bibr55-0271678X20910302","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep38635"},{"key":"bibr56-0271678X20910302","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10571-015-0273-8"},{"key":"bibr57-0271678X20910302","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-009-0498-z"},{"key":"bibr58-0271678X20910302","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2017.00475"},{"key":"bibr59-0271678X20910302","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00109-016-1427-y"},{"key":"bibr60-0271678X20910302","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-018-1928-6"},{"key":"bibr61-0271678X20910302","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.26810"}],"container-title":["Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow &amp; Metabolism"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0271678X20910302","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/0271678X20910302","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0271678X20910302","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T20:12:48Z","timestamp":1777493568000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/0271678X20910302"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,13]]},"references-count":61,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/0271678X20910302"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0271678x20910302","relation":{},"ISSN":["0271-678X","1559-7016"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0271-678X","type":"print"},{"value":"1559-7016","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,13]]}}}