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To overcome this issue, a transient hypoxia stimulus was applied to induce a bolus of deoxyhemoglobins as an endogenous paramagnetic contrast in blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) MRI. Based on stimulus-duration-dependent studies, 5\u2009s anoxic stimulus was chosen, which induced a decrease in arterial oxygenation to 59%. Dynamic susceptibility changes were acquired with whole-brain BOLD MRI using both all-vessel-sensitive gradient-echo and microvascular-sensitive spin-echo readouts. Cerebral blood flow (CBF) and cerebral blood volume (CBV) were quantified by modeling BOLD dynamics using a partial-volume-corrected arterial input function. In the mouse under ketamine\/xylazine anesthesia, total CBF and CBV were 112.0\u2009\u00b1\u200915.0\u2009ml\/100\u2009g\/min and 3.39\u2009\u00b1\u20090.59\u2009ml\/100\u2009g (n\u2009=\u200915 mice), respectively, whereas microvascular CBF and CBV were 85.8\u2009\u00b1\u20096.9\u2009ml\/100\u2009g\/min and 2.23\u2009\u00b1\u20090.27\u2009ml\/100\u2009g (n\u2009=\u20097 mice), respectively. Regional total vs. microvascular perfusion metrics were highly correlated but a slight mismatch was observed in the large-vessel areas and cortical depth profiles. Overall, this non-invasive, repeatable, simple hypoxia BOLD-MRI approach is viable for perfusion mapping of rodents.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0271678x221117008","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,29]],"date-time":"2022-07-29T00:06:22Z","timestamp":1659053182000},"page":"2270-2286","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Whole-brain perfusion mapping in mice by dynamic BOLD MRI with transient hypoxia"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"42","author":[{"given":"DongKyu","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research (CNIR), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Suwon, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thuy Thi","family":"Le","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research (CNIR), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Suwon, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Department of Intelligent Precision Healthcare Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Geun Ho","family":"Im","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research (CNIR), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Suwon, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1960-4464","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Seong-Gi","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research (CNIR), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Suwon, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Department of Intelligent Precision Healthcare Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0271678X221117008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Edvinsson L, MacKenzie ET and McCulloch J.\n                      Cerebral blood flow and metabolism\n                      . 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