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Herein, we review the present knowledge of the NVU and highlight candidate approaches to investigate the NVU, particularly focusing on the spinal cord. Several unique features maintain the highly regulated microenvironment in the NVU. Autoregulation and neurovascular coupling ensure regional blood flow meets the metabolic demand according to the blood supply or local neural activation. The blood\u2013central nervous system barrier partitions the circulating blood from neural parenchyma and facilitates the selective exchange of substances. Furthermore, we discuss spinal cord injury (SCI) as a common injury from the perspective of NVU dysfunction. Hopefully, this review will help expand the understanding of the NVU in the spinal cord and inspire new insights into SCI.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0271678x231172008","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,16]],"date-time":"2023-05-16T02:25:51Z","timestamp":1684203951000},"page":"1437-1455","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["The neurovascular unit in healthy and injured spinal cord"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"43","author":[{"given":"Rubing","family":"Zhou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China"},{"name":"Neuroscience Research Institute and Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 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