{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T01:12:47Z","timestamp":1793063567827,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,25]],"date-time":"2024-07-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1721865600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Cereb Blood Flow Metab"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    We discuss two potential non-invasive MRI methods to study phenomena related to subarachnoid cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) motion and perivascular fluid transport, and their association with sleep and aging. We apply diffusion-based intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) imaging to evaluate pseudodiffusion coefficient, D*, or CSF movement across large spaces like the subarachnoid space (SAS). We also performed perfusion-based multi-echo, Hadamard encoded arterial spin labeling (ASL) to evaluate whole brain cortical cerebral blood flow (CBF) and trans-endothelial exchange ( T\n                    <jats:sub>ex<\/jats:sub>\n                    ) of water from the vasculature into the perivascular space and parenchyma. Both methods were used in young adults (N\u2009=\u20099, 6\u2009F, 23\u2009\u00b1\u20093 years old) in the setting of sleep and sleep deprivation. To study aging, 10 older adults (6\u2009F, 67\u2009\u00b1\u20093 years old) were imaged after a night of normal sleep and compared with the young adults. D* in SAS was significantly (p\u2009&lt;\u20090.05) reduced with sleep deprivation (0.016\u2009\u00b1\u20090.001\u2009mm\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    \/s) compared to normal sleep (0.018\u2009\u00b1\u20090.001\u2009mm\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    \/s) and marginally reduced with aging (0.017\u2009\u00b1\u20090.001\u2009mm\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    \/s, p\u2009=\u20090.029). Cortical CBF and T\n                    <jats:sub>ex<\/jats:sub>\n                    were unchanged with sleep deprivation but significantly lower in older adults (37\u2009\u00b1\u20093\u2009ml\/100\u2009g\/min, 578\u2009\u00b1\u200961\u2009ms) than in young adults (42\u2009\u00b1\u20092\u2009ml\/100\u2009g\/min, 696\u2009\u00b1\u200962\u2009ms). IVIM was sensitive to sleep physiology and aging, and multi-echo, multi-delay ASL was sensitive to aging.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0271678x241264407","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,25]],"date-time":"2024-07-25T18:42:56Z","timestamp":1721932976000},"page":"1580-1592","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Preliminary investigations into human neurofluid transport using multiple novel non-contrast MRI methods"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"Swati","family":"Rane Levendovszky","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jaqueline","family":"Flores","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elaine R","family":"Peskind","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"VISN 20 Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Healthcare System, Seattle, WA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8617-7752","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lena","family":"V\u00e1clav\u016f","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"C.J. Gorter MRI Center, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7034-8959","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matthias JP","family":"van Osch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"C.J. Gorter MRI Center, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey","family":"Iliff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"VISN 20 Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Healthcare System, Seattle, WA, USA"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, 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