{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,6]],"date-time":"2026-07-06T14:21:21Z","timestamp":1783347681731,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":80,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,4]],"date-time":"2025-02-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738627200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,4]],"date-time":"2025-02-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738627200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Cereb Blood Flow Metab"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    This investigation explored the impact of partial pressure of end-tidal carbon dioxide (P\n                    <jats:sub>ET<\/jats:sub>\n                    CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    ) alterations on temporal neurovascular coupling (NVC) responses across the cardiac cycle and the influence of biological sex via a complex visual scene-search task (\u201c\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Where\u2019s Waldo?<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u201d). 10 females and 10 males completed five puzzles, each with 40 seconds of eyes open and 20 seconds of eyes closed, under P\n                    <jats:sub>ET<\/jats:sub>\n                    CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    clamped at \u223c40\u2009mmHg (eucapnia), \u223c55\u2009mmHg (hypercapnia), and \u223c25\u2009mmHg (hypocapnia). Cerebral blood velocity (CBv) in the middle and posterior cerebral arteries (MCAv, PCAv) were measured via Transcranial Doppler ultrasound. Linear mixed-effects models with participants as a random effect analyzed NVC metrics, including baseline and peak CBv, relative increase, and area-under-the-curve (AUC30). During hypercapnic trials, reductions in PCAv and MCAv AUC30 were noted across the cardiac cycle (all\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001<\/jats:italic>\n                    ). Hypocapnic PCAv AUC30 was reduced (all\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p\u2009&lt;\u20090.012<\/jats:italic>\n                    ), as was systolic MCAv AUC30 (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p\u2009=\u20090.003<\/jats:italic>\n                    ). Females displayed greater baseline PCA diastole (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p\u2009=\u20090.048<\/jats:italic>\n                    ). No other biological sex differences were observed across conditions in baseline (all\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p\u2009&gt;\u20090.050<\/jats:italic>\n                    ), peak (all\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&gt;\u2009\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">0.054<\/jats:italic>\n                    ), relative increase (all\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p\u2009&gt;\u20090.511<\/jats:italic>\n                    ), and AUC30 metrics (all\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p\u2009&gt;\u20090.514<\/jats:italic>\n                    ). Despite differences in responses to hypercapnic and hypocapnic stimuli, NVC responses to complex visual tasks remain robust, across the physiological CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    range.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0271678x251318922","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,4]],"date-time":"2025-02-04T21:14:26Z","timestamp":1738703666000},"page":"1310-1325","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Hypocapnia, eucapnia and hypercapnia during \u201cWhere\u2019s Waldo\u201d search paradigms: Neurovascular coupling across the cardiac cycle and biological sexes"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"45","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-8820-6603","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nathan E","family":"Johnson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Calgary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9756-5793","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joel S","family":"Burma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Calgary"},{"name":"University of Calgary"},{"name":"University of Calgary"},{"name":"Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada"},{"name":"Alberta Children\u2019s Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada"},{"name":"Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada"},{"name":"Integrated Concussion Research Program, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew G","family":"Neill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Calgary"},{"name":"University of Calgary"},{"name":"University of Calgary"},{"name":"Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada"},{"name":"Alberta Children\u2019s Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada"},{"name":"Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada"},{"name":"Integrated Concussion Research Program, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joshua J","family":"Burkart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Calgary"},{"name":"University of Calgary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth KS","family":"Fletcher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Calgary"},{"name":"University of Calgary"},{"name":"University of Calgary"},{"name":"Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada"},{"name":"Alberta Children\u2019s Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada"},{"name":"Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada"},{"name":"Integrated Concussion Research Program, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1054-0038","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jonathan D","family":"Smirl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Calgary"},{"name":"University of Calgary"},{"name":"University of Calgary"},{"name":"Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada"},{"name":"Alberta Children\u2019s Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada"},{"name":"Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada"},{"name":"Integrated Concussion Research Program, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/ars.2010.3474"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnmol.2018.00216"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/0143-0815\/10\/3\/001"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1073858417703033"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0271678X15617954"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jcbfm.2011.43"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jcbfm.2014.3"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_9_2","first-page":"2960","article-title":"Inverse neurovascular coupling to cortical spreading depolarizations in severe brain trauma","volume":"137","author":"Hinzman JM","year":"2014","unstructured":"Hinzman JM, Andaluz N, Shutter LA, et\u00a0al. 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